{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T09:32:49Z","timestamp":1787909569761,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]],"date-time":"2023-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cardiac surgery patients with a prolonged stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) are at high risk for acquired malnutrition. Medical nutrition therapy practices for cardiac surgery patients are unknown. The objective of this study is to describe the current nutrition practices in critically ill cardiac surgery patients worldwide.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a prospective observational study in 13 international ICUs involving mechanically ventilated cardiac surgery patients with an ICU stay of at least 72\u2009h. Collected data included the energy and protein prescription, type of and time to the initiation of nutrition, and actual quantity of energy and protein delivered (maximum: 12 days).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 237 enrolled patients, enteral nutrition (EN) was started, on average, 45\u2009h after ICU admission (range, 0\u2013277\u2009h; site average, 53 [range, 10\u201379\u2009h]). EN was prescribed for 187 (79%) patients and combined EN and parenteral nutrition in 33 (14%). Overall, patients received 44.2% (0.0%\u2013117.2%) of the prescribed energy and 39.7% (0.0%\u2013122.8%) of the prescribed protein. At a site level, the average nutrition adequacy was 47.5% (30.5%\u201378.6%) for energy and 43.6% (21.7%\u201376.6%) for protein received from all nutrition sources.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Critically ill cardiac surgery patients with prolonged ICU stay experience significant delays in starting EN and receive low levels of energy and protein. There exists tremendous variability in site performance, whereas achieving optimal nutrition performance is doable.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.2495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]],"date-time":"2023-03-13T05:47:30Z","timestamp":1678686450000},"page":"604-613","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Current practices in nutrition therapy in cardiac surgery patients: An international multicenter observational study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2028-2039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Stoppe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency, and Pain Medicine University Hospital Wuerzburg Wuerzburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Dresen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency, and Pain Medicine University Hospital Wuerzburg Wuerzburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Wendt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine University Hospital, RWTH Aachen Aachen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4948-1605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gunnar","family":"Elke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine University Medical Center Schleswig\u2010Holstein Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0663-7670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jayshil J.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liam","family":"McKeever","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition University of Illinois Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9490-8356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Chourdakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH) Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"McDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiac Anesthesiology University of Ottawa Heart Institute Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Meybohm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency, and Pain Medicine University Hospital Wuerzburg Wuerzburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2647-7790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Lindner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine University Medical Center Schleswig\u2010Holstein Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rakesh C.","family":"Arora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Max Rady College of Medicine University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7024-2337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ben","family":"O'Brien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Cardiac Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine German Heart Center Berlin and Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vera","family":"von Dossow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anesthesiology, Heart and Diabetes Centre North Rhine Westphalia Ruhr\u2010University Bochum Bad Oeynhausen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5581-9169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergey","family":"Efremov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Saint Petersburg State University Hospital St. Petersburg Russian Federation"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladimir","family":"Lomivorotov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care E. 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