{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T22:16:50Z","timestamp":1791238610363,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767139200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767139200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Muscle wasting is a hallmark of critical illness. We evaluated the effect of amino acid supplementation and mobilization on early muscle loss in critically ill patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a randomized parallel\u2010group trial involving adult patients admitted to the surgical intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups, both receiving standard care nutrition and mobilization. The intervention group also received a daily intravenous amino acid bolus with 45\u2009min of cycle ergometry, starting on days 3\u20134 for a mean of 6 days. The primary co\u2010outcomes were changes in vastus lateralis myofiber cross\u2010sectional area (from biopsies) and ultrasound\u2010derived rectus femoris cross\u2010sectional area, measured between the preintervention (day 2) and postintervention (day 8) time points. Analyses were conducted using mixed\u2010model analysis of variance and least significant difference testing. Secondary outcomes included the protein\u2010to\u2010DNA ratio, muscle echogenicity, whole\u2010body phase angle, muscle strength (Medical Research Council sum score) and physical capability (6\u2010min walk test).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fifty patients (90% male, age 37\u2009\u00b1\u200912 years) were included. Standard of care participants received 1.23\u2009\u00b1\u20090.18\u2009g\/kg\/day protein; intervention participants 1.57\u2009\u00b1\u20090.27\u2009g\/kg\/day, including 0.37\u2009\u00b1\u20090.05\u2009g\/kg\/day from the supplement. Muscle loss occurred significantly over time (biopsy\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01; ultrasound\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with no significant differences between groups. Similarly, no significant differences were observed in protein\u2010to\u2010DNA ratio, muscle echogenicity, phase angle, muscle strength, or physical capability.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A short\u2010duration combined intervention of intravenous bolus amino acids and cycle ergometry, limited to the acute phase of critical illness, did not reduce muscle loss or improve muscle quality, strength, or physical capability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.70041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T08:24:41Z","timestamp":1767169481000},"page":"170-182","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Combined intravenous bolus amino acid supplementation and mobilization on early muscle loss in critically ill adults: A randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1613-6071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lizl","family":"Veldsman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health, Division of Human Nutrition Faculty of Medicine &amp; 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