{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T22:58:18Z","timestamp":1791845898732,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]],"date-time":"2026-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]],"date-time":"2026-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779580800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The GLIM malnutrition diagnostic framework includes the etiologic criterion for reduced dietary intake or assimilation (i.e., digestion or absorption). This criterion required further specification to support consistent use in clinical practice. Three rounds of a modified Delphi was undertaken to develop consensus on guidance to support identification of this criterion. A working group (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200910) developed surveys iteratively. Invited global experts with diverse disciplines and practice contexts (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200930) fully completed surveys; consensus was determined at 75% agreement. Three surveys and rounds of voting resulted in 15 guidance statements. Notable points include: (a) using usual intake as the comparator for reduced dietary intake rather than energy requirement, (b) use of gastrointestinal symptoms and nutrition impact symptoms to determine challenges with absorption or assimilation, rather than solely gastrointestinal conditions, and (c) using clinical judgment to determine severity of these symptoms. The final criterion is \u201cless than or equal to 50% dietary intake in the last week or any reduction in intake greater than 2 weeks OR severe gastrointestinal or nutrition impact symptoms (e.g., dysphagia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) as a result of an acute or chronic condition or therapy.\u201d Future work should confirm the feasibility of this criterion in clinical practice and its criterion validity within the GLIM framework.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.70073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T06:17:20Z","timestamp":1779689840000},"page":"614-624","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Guidance for the assessment of the dietary intake and gastrointestinal or nutrition impact symptoms etiologic criterion of Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition: A modified\u2010Delphi study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7413-5918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ren\u00e9e","family":"Blaauw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7782-8103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heather","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Schlegel\u2010UW Research Institute for Aging University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6662-8613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine Marie","family":"Mills","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy and Nutrition University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gert","family":"Bischoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ZEP\u2014Center for Clinical Nutrition and Prevention Hospital Barmherzige Brueder Munich (Germany) Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8117-5387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlene","family":"Compher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biobehavioral Health Science, School of Nursing University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Clinical Nutrition Support Service Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5693-0811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marian de van der","family":"Schueren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Lifestyle HAN University of Applied Sciences Nijmegen the Netherlands"},{"name":"Division of Human Nutrition and Health Wageningen University &amp; 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