{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T20:09:04Z","timestamp":1788206944515,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,17]],"date-time":"2025-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,17]],"date-time":"2025-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Current evidence indicates a possible link between the design of the implant\u2010abutment\u2010prosthesis complex and the development of peri\u2010implant diseases. This cross\u2010sectional study aimed to investigate the association between implant and prosthetic factors and the prevalence of peri\u2010implant diseases and peri\u2010implant marginal bone loss in patients treated with static computer\u2010assisted implant surgery (sCAIS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional study included 115 patients with 417 dental implants, all placed using a standardized sCAIS protocol and with more than 1 year of loading. Each implant was clinically and radiographically assessed, with diagnoses made based on established criteria. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed to identify implant and prosthetic parameters, such as implant connection, loading protocol, crown\u2010to\u2010implant ratio (CIR), implant surface, prosthesis type, prosthetic emergence angle (EA), prosthetic emergence profile (EP), cantilever length, mucosal height of the abutment (HA), interproximal contact level, inter\u2010implant distance, implant and abutment angulation, and presence of open contacts, as risk indicators associated with peri\u2010implant diseases, bleeding on probing (BOP) scores, and changes in the peri\u2010implant marginal bone level (MBL).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the total implants, 156 were diagnosed as healthy, 241 exhibited mucositis, and 20 showed peri\u2010implantitis, corresponding to 37.4%, 57.8%, and 4.8% of the implants, respectively. An odds ratio (OR) of 2.16 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.003\u20104.63) for peri\u2010implantitis was observed in implants supporting removable prostheses, with the fixed prosthesis group serving as the reference category. Marginal bone loss was significantly associated with higher interproximal contact levels, greater prosthetic EA, shorter abutment mucosal height, longer cantilever length, and anodized implant surface treatment, as determined by bivariate and multivariable analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the present cross\u2010sectional study, implants supporting overdentures were associated with a higher prevalence of peri\u2010implantitis. Furthermore, several implant\u2010abutment\u2010prosthesis complex factors were significantly linked to marginal bone loss around dental implants, including interproximal contact level, prosthetic EA, abutment mucosal height, cantilever length, and implant surface treatment. Clinicians are recommended to meticulously select prosthesis types\/designs tailored to each peri\u2010implant site, apply digital technology for precise implant planning, and regularly monitor patients to detect and manage peri\u2010implant diseases in early stages.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Plain language summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This clinical study looked at how the design of dental implants and their related components (like crowns and abutments) might influence the development of gum problems around implants and bone loss. It involved 115 patients with a total of 417 dental implants that had been placed using a precise, digitally guided technique and had been in place for over a year. The study found that many implants had issues like mucositis (gum inflammation) or peri\u2010implantitis (a more serious gum infection involving bone loss). Implants supporting removable prostheses (like overdentures) had a higher chance of developing peri\u2010implantitis compared to those with fixed prostheses (like crowns or bridges). Certain implant features, like how the prosthesis connects to the implant, the shape and height of the abutment, and the length of the cantilever (part of the prosthesis extending beyond the implant) were linked to bone loss around the implant. The conclusion of the study is that the design of the implant and its components plays an important role in preventing or contributing to peri\u2010implant diseases and bone issues. This study suggests that dentists should carefully choose the right implant and prosthesis design for each patient, use digital tools for precise planning, and monitor patients regularly to resolve peri\u2010implant problems early.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jper.11387","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T06:21:12Z","timestamp":1755498072000},"page":"47-61","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Prosthetic factors influencing the prevalence of peri\u2010implant diseases and marginal bone loss in static computer\u2010assisted implant sites: A cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Piyarat","family":"Sirirattanagool","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics Tufts University School of Dental Medicine  Boston Massachusetts 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