{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T07:16:54Z","timestamp":1789024614486,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,10]],"date-time":"2018-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1531180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":39,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Whether an association between alcohol consumption and periodontitis exists is still unclear. This study aimed to assess the association between alcohol consumption and periodontitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>7062 adults 30 years or older who participated in 2009\u20132010 and 2011\u20132012 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included. Alcohol consumption measurement included self\u2010reported average number of alcoholic drinks per week over the previous 12 months and was categorized into four groups (0,\u00a0&lt;\u00a01, 1\u2010\u00a0&lt;\u00a08, and \u22658 drinks per week). Participants were categorized using surveillance case definitions for periodontitis that included both clinical attachment level (CAL) and periodontal probing depth (PD) measurements. The association between alcohol consumption and chronic periodontitis was evaluated by multivariable regression analyses adjusting for age, gender, race\/ethnicity, education level, income\u2010to\u2010poverty ratio, smoking, self\u2010rated overall oral health, and HbA<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of having severe periodontitis was 1.9 (1.2\u20103) among participants who reported alcohol consumption of \u22658 drinks compared to participants consuming some alcohol but\u00a0&lt;\u00a01 drink per week on average. Participants who consumed 1\u2010\u00a0&lt;\u00a08, and \u22658 drinks per week, on average, also had higher mean PD, percentage of sites with PD \u22654\u00a0mm, mean CAL, and percentage of sites with CAL \u22653\u00a0mm compared to participants reporting consumption of\u00a0&lt;\u00a01 drink per week. Meanwhile, the odds of having periodontitis, mean PD, extent PD \u22654\u00a0mm, mean CAL, and extent CAL \u22653\u00a0mm were not significantly different for nondrinkers than for participants who consumed some alcohol but\u00a0&lt;\u00a01 drink per week on average.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Alcohol consumption was associated with an increase in the likelihood of having periodontitis, particularly severe periodontitis. Consumption of some alcohol,\u00a0&lt;\u00a01 drink per week on average, was associated with similar odds of having periodontitis compared to consumption of no alcohol.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jper.17-0276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,4]],"date-time":"2018-05-04T03:55:22Z","timestamp":1525406122000},"page":"625-634","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Alcohol intake and periodontitis in adults aged \u226530 years: NHANES 2009\u20132012"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Isabel C.","family":"Gay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences School of Dental Medicine East Carolina University  Greenville NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duong T.","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Administration Dental School of Dental Medicine Tufts University  Boston MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W.","family":"Paquette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences School of Dental Medicine East Carolina University  Greenville NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Global status report on alcohol. 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