{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T02:06:44Z","timestamp":1790561204162,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]],"date-time":"2020-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583971200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Gingival tissue attachment is known to be important for long\u2010term prognosis of implants. This in vitro study evaluated the gingival attachment to zirconia implants and zirconia implants modified with sol\u2010gel derived TiO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      coatings.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Zirconia endodontic posts (n\u00a0=\u00a023) were used to function as implants that were inserted into the center of full\u2010thickness porcine gingival explants (n\u00a0=\u00a031). The tissue\/implant specimens were then individually placed at an air\/liquid interface on a stainless\u2010steel grid in cell culture wells containing a nutrient solution. The tissue cultures were incubated at 37\u00b0C in a 5% CO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      environment and at days 7 and 14, the specimens were harvested and analyzed by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) measurements under dynamic loading conditions mimicking natural mastication. Specimens were also analyzed by immunohistochemical staining identifying the laminin (Ln) \u03b32 chain specific for Ln\u2010332, which is known to be a crucial molecule for the proper attachment of epithelium to tooth\/implant surface.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Tissue attachment to TiO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2010coated zirconia demonstrated higher dynamic modulus of elasticity and higher creep modulus, meaning that the attachment is stronger and more resistant to damage during function over time. Laminin \u03b32 was identified in the attachment of epithelium to TiO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2010coated zirconia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Both DMA and histological analysis support each other, so the gingival tissue is more strongly attached to sol\u2010gel derived TiO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2010coated zirconia than uncoated zirconia. Immunohistochemical staining showed that TiO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      coating may enhance the synthesis and deposition of Ln\u2010332 in the epithelial attachment to the implant surface.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jper.19-0323","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,20]],"date-time":"2019-12-20T01:00:19Z","timestamp":1576803619000},"page":"1213-1224","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Zirconia implants with improved attachment to the gingival tissue"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"91","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8185-411X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khalil","family":"Shahramian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry University of Turku  Turku Finland"},{"name":"Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center (TCBC) University of Turku  Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Gasik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering Aalto University Foundation, AALTO  Espoo Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilkka","family":"Kangasniemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center (TCBC) University of Turku  Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X. 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