{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T12:08:16Z","timestamp":1789474096715,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,26]],"date-time":"2020-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582675200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Obesity may represent a chronic low\u2010grade inflammation, but there is a lack of long\u2010term longitudinal studies. The aim of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the recurrence of periodontal disease in obese and normal weight patients submitted to scaling and root planing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study included 22 patients who had received periodontal treatment 2\u00a0years previously, 13 obese and nine non\u2010obese. The patients were evaluated for anthropometric measurements of body mass index, waist circumference, waist\u2010to\u2010hip ratio, and fat percentage through bioimpedance. The following periodontal parameters were recorded: visible plaque index (VPI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP). The immunological evaluation analyzed the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin\u20101 beta (IL\u20101\u03b2), interleukin\u20106 (IL\u20106), and tumor necrosis factor\u2010alpha (TNF\u2010\u03b1) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Obese and normal weight patients did not differ in relation to the periodontal parameters of VPI, GBI, PD, CAL, or BOP 2\u00a0years after completion of the periodontal therapy. Sites with periodontitis in obese individuals showed higher levels of IL\u20106 and TNF\u2010\u03b1 in the gingival fluid (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Obese and normal weight individuals had similar periodontal behaviors, with low recurrence of the periodontal disease; however, obesity was related to increased inflammatory activity in gingival fluid, which may become a risk indicator for future greater recurrence of the disease in the presence of inadequate plaque control.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jper.19-0534","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,3]],"date-time":"2020-02-03T05:08:05Z","timestamp":1580706485000},"page":"1123-1131","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Evaluation of recurrence of periodontal disease after treatment in obese and normal weight patients: Two\u2010year follow\u2010up"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Elizangela C.","family":"Zuza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Dentistry of the Health Institute of Nova Friburgo Fluminense Federal University  Nova Friburgo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana R.","family":"Pires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry Educational Foundation of Barretos School of Dentistry  Barretos S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Alice","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry Educational Foundation of Barretos School of Dentistry  Barretos S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedicto E. 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