{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T12:36:57Z","timestamp":1781354217711,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,19]],"date-time":"2020-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA) is a well\u2010established and predictable augmentation method in severely resorbed maxillae. However, data on the vertical course of bone graft consolidation within the maxillary sinus are rare. The aim of the present study was to quantify the vertical distribution of new bone formation (nBF) in MSFA and to characterize the vertical gradient of bone graft consolidation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighty\u2010five human sinus biopsies were harvested 6 \u00b1 1 months after MSFA. Histological thin\u2010ground sections were prepared and histomorphometrically analyzed. The volume of newly formed bone (nBV\/TV) was measured in serial zones of 100 \u03bcm proceeding from the bottom of the sinus floor (SF) up to the apical top of the biopsy. The gradient of nBV\/TV within the augmentation area was determined by the vertical distribution of nBV\/TV along these zones.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the premolar region, nBV\/TV slightly declined from 20.4% in the zone adjacent to the SF to 17.7% at a distance of 8\u00a0mm. The gradient was steeper in the molar region: nBV\/TV decreased from 18.7% to 12.8%. This decline was even more distinct when the volume fraction and the height of the residual bone of the SF were low.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>nBF follows a gradient from native bone of the SF towards the apical part of the augmentation area. The distance to primordial bone thus plays a critical role for bone regeneration in MSFA, particularly in the molar region.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jper.19-0656","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]],"date-time":"2020-07-27T03:33:34Z","timestamp":1595820814000},"page":"263-272","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The vertical course of bone regeneration in maxillary sinus floor augmentations: A histomorphometric analysis of human biopsies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1662-2926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florian","family":"Beck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oral Surgery University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karoline Maria","family":"Reich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karl Donath Laboratory for Hard Tissue and Biomaterial Research Division of Oral Surgery University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Lettner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karl Donath Laboratory for Hard Tissue and Biomaterial Research Division of Oral Surgery University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Heimel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karl Donath Laboratory for Hard Tissue and Biomaterial Research Division of Oral Surgery University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna  Vienna 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