{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T10:09:14Z","timestamp":1780481354464,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Removal of dental plaque and local application of local chemical adjuncts, such as chlorhexidine (CHX), have been used to control and treat peri\u2010implant disease. However, these methods can damage the surface properties of the implants or promote bacterial resistance. The application of ozone as an adjunctive treatment represents a new approach in the management of peri\u2010implantitis. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of ozonized physiological saline solution in different concentrations against oral biofilms developed on titanium surface.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Single and multi\u2010species biofilms of <jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Fusobacterium nucleatum<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Streptococcus oralis<\/jats:italic> were formed on titanium specimens for 5 days in anaerobic conditions. Biofilms were treated with ozonized saline solution at different concentrations (25, 50, and 80\u00a0\u03bcg\/NmL), for 30 seconds and 1 minute. CHX (0.12%) and saline solution (0.89% NaCl) were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. Bacterial viability was quantified by colony forming units (CFU mL<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>), and biofilm images were acquired by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Data were analyzed by parametric test (ANOVA) with Tukey post\u2010hoc test (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ozonized saline solution showed antibiofilm activity at a concentration of 80\u00a0\u03bcg\/NmL for 30 seconds and 1 minute, reducing, mainly, <jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic> viability, with 2.78 and 1.7 log<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub> CFU mL<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> of reduction in both single and multi\u2010species biofilms, respectively, when compared to the control (saline), whereas CHX reduced 1.4 and 1.2 log<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub> CFU mL<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ozonized saline solution has antibiofilm activity, with better effect when applied for 1 minute at 80\u00a0\u03bcg\/NmL, being a promising candidate therapy for the treatment of peri\u2010implant diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jper.20-0333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,24]],"date-time":"2020-11-24T22:41:50Z","timestamp":1606257710000},"page":"1151-1162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Antibiofilm effect of ozonized physiological saline solution on peri\u2010implant\u2013related biofilm"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Caroline C.","family":"Tonon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cariology Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health Indiana University School of Dentistry  Indianapolis Indiana USA"},{"name":"Department of Oral Diagnosis and Surgery School of Dentistry S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP)  Araraquara S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz H. D.","family":"Panariello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cariology Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health Indiana University School of Dentistry  Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise M. P.","family":"Spolidorio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Diagnosis and Surgery School of Dentistry S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP)  Araraquara S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana G.","family":"Gossweiler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cariology Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health Indiana University School of Dentistry  Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cariology Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health Indiana University School of Dentistry  Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ID.0b013e3182199348"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2012.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cid.12001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12150"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.19420"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1601-0825.2001.70103.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2011.02208.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00587"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-302X.2006.00277.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2007.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.12419"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1981.tb02021.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1972.43.4.233"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1979.tb02190.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1994.tb00276.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1984.55.9.516"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","first-page":"651 p","article-title":"Clinica Ozonetherapy Manual (Publication language: spanish). Madrid","author":"Schwartz A","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medizeus Soluciones M\u00e9dicas"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-9-66"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)31717-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015846409735"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","first-page":"65","volume-title":"Advances in genetics","author":"Hassan HM","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1700850242"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-62.9.1071"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2003.10.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2010.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2011.05113.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00415269"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0013-9351(87)80005-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00210999"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002530050869"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(99)00115-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-49263-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/med.20150"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","first-page":"199","volume":"2","author":"Schwartz A","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ozone Ther Glob J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-018-2495-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9290.70796"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2015.09.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08927014.2018.1485892"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-013-1179-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1997.tb46266.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2005.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4FO01087F"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2004.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2007.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-302X.2004.00146.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.9.1.55"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1327.2000.01821.x-i2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","first-page":"79","article-title":"Effect of ozonised water on chronic periodontitis\u2010a clinical study","volume":"5","author":"Katti SS","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Int Oral Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2005.00790.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2415"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5051\/jpis.2018.48.1.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2016.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12177"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2005.76.11.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5005\/jcdp-9-4-75"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2005.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","first-page":"229","article-title":"Management of aggressive periodontitis using ozonized water","volume":"6","author":"MI R","year":"2005","journal-title":"Egypt Med JNR C"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-012-0711-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ejd.ejd_324_17"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.2001.01235.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","first-page":"59","article-title":"Ozone therapy in periodontics","volume":"5","author":"Gupta G","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Med Life"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","first-page":"596","article-title":"Fluid lavage of open wounds (FLOW): a multicenter, blinded, factorial pilot trial comparing alternative irrigating solutions and pressures in patients with open fractures","volume":"71","author":"Petrisor B","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","unstructured":"ChittrakornS.Use of ozone as an alternative to chlorine for treatment of soft wheat flours: Kansas State University.2008.https:\/\/krex.k-state.edu\/dspace\/bitstream\/handle\/2097\/575\/SasivimonChittrakorn2008.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","first-page":"21: e2017156","article-title":"Effect of water temperature and pH on the concentration and time of ozone saturation","author":"Galdeano MC","year":"2018","journal-title":"Braz J Food Technol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1807-1929\/agriambi.v20n3p230-235"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5433\/1679-0359.2011v32n2p659"}],"container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/JPER.20-0333","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/JPER.20-0333","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/JPER.20-0333","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T12:43:51Z","timestamp":1760877831000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/JPER.20-0333"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/JPER.20-0333"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jper.20-0333","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3492","1943-3670"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3492","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-3670","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-05-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-10","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}