{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T12:42:25Z","timestamp":1783946545838,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,12]],"date-time":"2020-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605139200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study focused on the inflammatory disease progress after periodontal defect induction and aimed to specifically determine periodontal tissue responses following dental plaque accumulation by ligatures on a site with\/without standardized periodontal defect induction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>After 1 month from extraction of the adjacent teeth, semi\u2010circumferential defects were surgically created in the unilateral second and fourth premolars (test group), whereas no defects were being induced at the contralateral sites (control group). One week later, silk was used to ligate the tooth cervix at both sites to encourage the accumulation of dental plaque. Four weeks later, the tissue samples were collected for histological\/histomorphometric and microarray analysis. Microbiological analysis was performed before defect induction and at ligatures, and after 4\u00a0weeks of dental plaque accumulation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Remarkable inflammation was clinically and histologically observed in both groups after plaque accumulation, and the intrabony type of periodontal defect exaggerated inflammatory cell infiltration into the connective tissue layer. Expression of genes related to inflammation such as IL\u20101 was highly up\u2010regulated in test sites. However, these inflammatory infiltrations did not invade to a boundary of periodontal ligament and connective tissue attachment in both groups, and histomorphometric results corresponds to these observational results. Bacterial findings also showed no significant differences in detected microbiome compositions between control and test groups at three\u2010time points.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intrabony defect might exaggerate the plaque\u2010induced inflammation in the aspect of inflammatory cell infiltration and the related gene expression, but both dental plaque and the pre\u2010existing periodontal defect negligibly disrupt periodontal attachment and the underlying alveolar bone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jper.20-0508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,31]],"date-time":"2020-10-31T00:35:55Z","timestamp":1604104555000},"page":"1007-1017","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Do periodontal defects affect periodontal inflammation and destruction? Histological\/microbiological changes and gene expression profiles of a pilot study in beagle dogs"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Yin\u2010Zhe","family":"An","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"},{"name":"Department of Periodontology Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyung\u2010A","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology College of Dentistry Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration Yonsei University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang\u2010Sung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology College of Dentistry Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration Yonsei University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5400-9009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reinhard","family":"Gruber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Biology School of Dentistry Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinhong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"},{"name":"Department of Periodontology Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung\u2010Seok","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology 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