{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T13:08:35Z","timestamp":1775308115665,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,12]],"date-time":"2021-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Type 2 diabetes and periodontitis predispose to a higher risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) infection. Recent studies show upregulation of innate immuno\u2010regulatory microRNA\u2010146a and \u2010155 in oral fluids of patients with type 2 diabetes as well as of patients with periodontitis. The aim was to investigate whether upregulation of these microRNAs may relate to patient susceptibility to the infection via modulation of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 cellular entry factors expression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Due to limited experimental feasibility and health risks in Coronavirus Disease 2019, bioinformatic analyses combining with system biology were used as initial investigation of interaction between microRNA\u2010146 and \u2010155 and genes encoding SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 entry factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 cellular entry factors are expressed in salivary glands and masticatory mucosa (tongue) at different expression levels, comparable with those measured in lungs and tonsil. MicroRNA\u2010146 and \u2010155 are widely involved in the regulation of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 oral cellular entry factors and may enhance expression of ACE2 and modulate genes involved in host immunity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diabetes\u2010 and periodontitis\u2010induced increase in microRNA\u2010146a and \u2010155 in oral cavity is predicted to upregulate angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme 2 expression, essential SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 entry receptors, and modulate host antiviral response. As it could suggest increased infectivity of diabetes and periodontitis patients, additional protective measures for periodontists are recommended.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jper.20-0623","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]],"date-time":"2020-12-18T11:32:11Z","timestamp":1608291131000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["microRNA\u2010146a and \u2010155, upregulated by periodontitis and type 2 diabetes in oral fluids, are predicted to regulate SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 oral receptor genes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Jelena R.","family":"Roganovi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology in Dentistry School of Dental Medicine University of Belgrade  Belgrade Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2020.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12979-020-00192-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13653"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109969"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41544-018-0004-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2009.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","volume-title":"Implications of the virus\u2010encoded miRNA and host miRNA in the pathogenicity of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102","author":"Liu Z","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12888"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0237004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21082809"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3335"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","article-title":"A single\u2010cell RNA expression map of human coronavirus entry factors","author":"Singh M","year":"2020","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.058"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-00426-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2013.09.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1260419"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2004.12.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.05005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034520933589"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-020-0074-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biology9080235"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-017-1524-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-020-0387-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00068.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","unstructured":"SchadockIC (2011).Physiological role of prolylcarboxypeptidase. 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