{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T21:30:37Z","timestamp":1774128637609,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,17]],"date-time":"2021-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The facultative bacterium <jats:italic>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa)<\/jats:italic> is strongly associated with periodontitis and is occasionally found in periodontally healthy subjects. We aimed to determine the prevalence of salivary <jats:italic>Aa<\/jats:italic> among patients with either periodontitis Grade B (periodontitis\u2010B) or Grade C (periodontitis\u2010C), periodontally healthy controls (HCs), and to determine if systemic antibodies against <jats:italic>Aa<\/jats:italic> or its virulence factor leukotoxin A (LtxA) may serve as biomarkers that reveal the oral presence of the bacterium and discriminate subjects with periodontitis\u2010C, periodontitis\u2010B, or no periodontitis from each other.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum and unstimulated saliva samples were collected from patients with periodontitis\u2010C (n = 27), patients with periodontitis\u2010B (n = 34), and HCs (n = 28). Serum level of immunoglobulin G antibodies to fragmented whole <jats:italic>Aa<\/jats:italic> and to LtxA were quantified using a bead\u2010based assay. <jats:italic>Aa<\/jats:italic> was identified in saliva using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, and current smoking status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Aa<\/jats:italic> was present in saliva from 11% of HCs, in 32% of patients with periodontitis\u2010B (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.04 versus HCs), and in 37% of patients with periodontitis\u2010C (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.02 versus HCs). Serum antibodies to fragments of <jats:italic>Aa<\/jats:italic> associated significantly with periodontitis\u2010C (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.03), while serum anti\u2010LtxA antibodies associated with both periodontitis\u2010B and periodontitis\u2010C (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.002 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 9\u00d710<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>, respectively). Moreover, a significant association between serum anti\u2010LtxA antibodies and <jats:italic>Aa<\/jats:italic> count in saliva was observed (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001). On the basis of serum anti\u2010LtxA antibody levels, patients with periodontitis could be discriminated from HCs (AUC = 0.74 in ROC curve\u2010analysis, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0003), and carriers of <jats:italic>Aa<\/jats:italic> could be discriminated from non\u2010carriers (AUC = 0.78, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.0001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Aa<\/jats:italic> is highly prevalent in saliva of patients with periodontitis\u2010B or periodontitis\u2010C. Systemic immunoglobulin G antibodies against LtxA distinguish patients with periodontitis, regardless of grade, from HCs, while their quantity reflects the concurrent bacterial burden in the oral cavity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jper.20-0895","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,22]],"date-time":"2021-03-22T05:45:12Z","timestamp":1616391912000},"page":"1795-1804","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Circulating antibodies against leukotoxin A as marker of periodontitis Grades B and C and oral infection with <i>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2394-746X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Damgaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research area Periodontology, Section for Oral Biology &amp; Immunopathology Department of Odontology Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  N\u00f8rre All\u00e9 20, The Capitol Region Copenhagen 2200 Denmark"},{"name":"Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital  Blegdamsvej 9, The Capitol Region Copenhagen 2100 Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne Katrine","family":"Danielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research area Periodontology, Section for Oral Biology &amp; Immunopathology Department of Odontology Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  N\u00f8rre All\u00e9 20, The Capitol Region Copenhagen 2200 Denmark"},{"name":"Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital  Blegdamsvej 9, The Capitol Region Copenhagen 2100 Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Enevold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital  Blegdamsvej 9, The Capitol Region Copenhagen 2100 Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jesper","family":"Reinholdt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine Aarhus University  H\u00f8egh\u2010Guldbergs Gade 10, Central Denmark Region Aarhus 8000 Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Palle","family":"Holmstrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research area Periodontology, Section for Oral Biology &amp; Immunopathology Department of Odontology Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  N\u00f8rre All\u00e9 20, The Capitol Region Copenhagen 2200 Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claus H.","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research area Periodontology, Section for Oral Biology &amp; Immunopathology Department of Odontology Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  N\u00f8rre All\u00e9 20, The Capitol Region Copenhagen 2200 Denmark"},{"name":"Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital  Blegdamsvej 9, The Capitol Region Copenhagen 2100 Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Massarenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital  Blegdamsvej 9, The Capitol Region Copenhagen 2100 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