{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T19:13:24Z","timestamp":1790795604542,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,19]],"date-time":"2021-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634601600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Peri\u2010implantitis (PI) is a growing concern in the dental community worldwide. The study aimed to compare U.S. versus European periodontists\u2019 considerations of risk factors, diagnostic criteria, and management of PI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 393 periodontists from the United States and 100 periodontists from Europe (Germany, Greece, Netherlands) responded to anonymous surveys electronically or by mail.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared to U.S. periodontists, European respondents were younger, more likely to be female and placed fewer implants per month (9.12\u00a0vs 13.90; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.003). Poor oral hygiene, history of periodontitis, and smoking were considered as very important risk factors by both groups (rated\u00a0&gt;\u00a04 on 5\u2010point scale). European periodontists rated poor oral hygiene (4.64\u00a0vs 4.45; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.005) and history of periodontitis (4.36\u00a0vs 4.10; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.006) as more important and implant surface (2.91\u00a0vs 3.18; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.023), occlusion (2.80\u00a0vs 3.75; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and presence of keratinized tissue (3.27\u00a0vs 3.77; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) as less important than did U.S. periodontists. Both groups rated clinical probing, radiographic bone loss, and presence of bleeding and suppuration as rather important diagnostic criteria. They rated implant exposure\/mucosal recession as relatively less important with U.S. periodontists giving higher importance ratings than European periodontists (3.99\u00a0vs 3.54; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.001). Both groups nearly always used patient education, plaque control and mechanical debridement when treating PI. U.S. periodontists were more likely to use antibiotics (3.88\u00a0vs 3.07; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), lasers (2.11\u00a0vs 1.68; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.005), allograft (3.39\u00a0vs 2.14; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and regenerative approaches (3.57\u00a0vs 2.56; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), but less likely to use resective surgery (3.09\u00a0vs 3.53; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) than European periodontists.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>U.S. and European periodontists\u2019 considerations concerning risk factors, diagnosis and management of PI were evidence\u2010based. Identified differences between the two groups can inform future educational efforts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jper.21-0010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,14]],"date-time":"2021-08-14T10:06:03Z","timestamp":1628935563000},"page":"481-492","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment of peri\u2010implantitis: A cross\u2010cultural comparison of U.S. and European periodontists\u2019 considerations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"93","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5583-0365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angeliki","family":"Polymeri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)  Amsterdam the 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