{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T03:05:02Z","timestamp":1781579102352,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,6]],"date-time":"2021-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The knowledge of which genes and proteins that are connected to the susceptibility to gingivitis with subsequent local tissue degradation seen in periodontitis is insufficient. Changes of serum proteins associated with recurrence of bleeding on probing (BOP) and increased periodontal pocket depths (PPD) after surgical treatment of periodontitis could reveal molecules that could be early signals of tissue destruction and\/or of importance for systemic effects in other tissues or organs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a longitudinal pilot study and followed 96 inflammation\u2010related proteins over time in serum from patients who underwent surgical treatment of periodontitis (n=\u00a021). The samples were taken before (time 0), and then at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Changes in protein levels were analysed in relation to the clinical outcome measures, that is, proportion of surfaces affected by BOP and PPD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Changes in treatment outcomes with early signs of relapse in periodontitis after surgical treatment, for example, increased BOP and PPDs, were during 12\u2010months follow up associated with increased serum levels of high\u2010sensitivity C\u2010reactive protein (hs\u2010CRP) and programmed death\u2010ligand 1 (PD\u2010L1), and reduced serum levels of cystatin\u2010D protein.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study shows that clinical signs of recurrence of periodontitis after surgery are reflected in serum, but larger studies are needed for verification. Our novel findings of an association between increased PD\u2010L1\u2010 and decreased cystatin D\u2010levels and recurrence in periodontitis are interesting because PD\u2010L1 has been shown to facilitate bacterial infections and chronic inflammation and cystatin D to inhibit tissue destruction. Our results justify mechanistic studies regarding the role of these molecules in periodontitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jper.21-0089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,4]],"date-time":"2021-04-04T06:48:51Z","timestamp":1617518931000},"page":"1805-1814","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Serum proteins associated with periodontitis relapse post\u2010surgery: A pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4430-8125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anders","family":"Esberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Odontology, Ume\u00e5 University  Ume\u00e5 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catrine","family":"Isehed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Periodontology, Ume\u00e5 University  Ume\u00e5 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