{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T23:04:46Z","timestamp":1785539086551,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]],"date-time":"2022-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of periodontitis in children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes, and if poor glycemic control is associated with increasing prevalence of the disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a cross\u2010sectional study involving children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes. A questionnaire related to oral health care history and oral health behaviors was administered to each participant and they then underwent a full\u2010mouth oral evaluation. In addition, clinical and metabolic parameters were extracted from the clinical chart.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred and twenty one children and adolescents (8\u201317 years, 11\u00a0months) participated. Overall, 45.5% presented some degree of periodontitis, with 10 (8.3%) mild, 36 (29.8%) moderate, and nine (7.4%) severe. The periodontitis group (PD\u2010group) had higher mean gingival and plaque indexes, periodontal probing depth, and clinical attachment loss than the group without periodontitis (NoPD\u2010group) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05). A statistically significant relationship between the prevalence of periodontitis and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was verified in the bivariate (odds ratio [OR] 1.31 [95% CI, 1.13\u20121.53], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.001) and multivariate (OR, 1.29 [95% CI, 1.03\u20121.61], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.03) analysis. For the adjustment variables, associations were verified for duration of diabetes, age, body mass index z\u2010score, lack of running water, insulin use, and acanthosis nigricans.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes presented high rates of periodontitis comparable with that seen in previous studies in youth with diabetes. Uncontrolled HbA1c influences prevalence of periodontal disease. The lack of matched control group and radiographs are limitations of the study. Comprehensive periodontal examination is essential for children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes to prevent, identify, and treat periodontitis early.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jper.21-0226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,7]],"date-time":"2022-08-07T02:39:40Z","timestamp":1659839980000},"page":"174-183","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["High prevalence of periodontitis in children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Sylvia M. C.","family":"Todescan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry Rady Faculty of Health Sciences  Winnipeg Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Schroth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Dental Science Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Max Rady College of Medicine Rady Faculty of Health Sciences  Winnipeg Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Dean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Section of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences University of Manitoba  Winnipeg Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brandy","family":"Wicklow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Section of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences University of Manitoba  Winnipeg Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edgard","family":"Michel\u2010Crosato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry University of S\u00e3o Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Sellers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Section of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences University of Manitoba  Winnipeg Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31371-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-1013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2012.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41415-019-0794-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2011.00425.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12235"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.29.02.06.dc05-1355"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2007.01054.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2006.00955.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5448.2010.00736.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0183600","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0183600","article-title":"Salivary inflammatory markers and microbiome in normoglycemic lean and obese children compared to obese children with type 2 diabetes","volume":"12","author":"Janem WF","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-1572"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2017.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-S002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2017.10.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03403824"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.07.043497"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.114.S2.555"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016356408993968"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016356309011240"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2015.140520"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.110664"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2007.060264"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","unstructured":"Organization WH.Oral health surveys. In. Geneva 1987."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v4.i6.270"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12195"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034512457373"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","first-page":"186","article-title":"Growth and development considerations in the diagnosis of gingivitis and PD in children","volume":"21","author":"Bimstein E","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1988.tb01565.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2009.01415.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","first-page":"426","article-title":"Gingival bleeding in 6\u2010 to 13\u2013old children with diabetes mellitus","volume":"29","author":"Lal S","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2007.02133.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","first-page":"e708","article-title":"Association between obesity and periodontal disease. A systematic review of epidemiological studies and controlled clinical trials","volume":"22","author":"Martinez\u2010Herrera M","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12326"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40368-017-0272-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2012.00456.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2018.02.014"}],"container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/JPER.21-0226","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/JPER.21-0226","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/JPER.21-0226","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T10:11:09Z","timestamp":1760868669000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/JPER.21-0226"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/JPER.21-0226"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jper.21-0226","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3492","1943-3670"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3492","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-3670","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-04-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-07-26","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-11-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}