{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:30:37Z","timestamp":1787761837052,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,14]],"date-time":"2024-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study compared titanium and zirconia implant ligature\u2010induced peri\u2010implant defect progression and response to regenerative surgical intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eight tissue\u2010level endosseous implants were placed in 6 mixed\u2010breed foxhounds, with 2 zirconia and 2 titanium alternating in each hemimandible. Cotton ligatures were placed subgingivally for 16\u00a0weeks followed by 8\u00a0weeks of spontaneous progression. Standardized radiographs were captured every 2\u00a0weeks to evaluate the rate of bone loss. Regenerative surgery was performed utilizing water\u2010jet decontamination, enamel matrix derivative, and locally harvested autogenous bone. After 16\u00a0weeks of healing, final radiographic bone levels as well as probing depths, recession, and clinical attachment levels were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All 48 implants integrated successfully. The final average post\u2010ligature radiographic defects were 2.88 and 3.05\u00a0mm for titanium and zirconia implants, respectively. There was no significant difference between materials in the rate of radiographic bone loss (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.09). Following regenerative surgery, the total average amount of radiographic bone gain was 1.41 and 1.20\u00a0mm for titanium and zirconia, respectively. The percentage of defect fill was 51.56% and 37.98% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.03) for titanium and zirconia, respectively. Inter\u2010group differences were minimal for clinical parameters at the time of sacrifice including periodontal pocket depths (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.81), recession (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.98), or clinical attachment levels (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.51).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>No significant difference was found in the rate of peri\u2010implant defect development between titanium and zirconia implants. Both materials gained significant radiographic bone following regenerative surgery with significantly greater defect percentage fill in titanium implants. The final clinical parameters were similar in both groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jper.23-0573","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,14]],"date-time":"2024-07-14T10:12:09Z","timestamp":1720951929000},"page":"1180-1189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Peri\u2010implantitis induction and resolution around zirconia versus titanium implants"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Kaleb C.","family":"Esplin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio  San Antonio Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9700-4056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi\u2010Wen","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ITI Scholarship Center University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio  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