{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T22:15:09Z","timestamp":1789769709333,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,7]],"date-time":"2024-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although several studies have demonstrated a bidirectional relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic periodontitis, few studies have reported that NAFLD causes chronic periodontitis, especially in the Asian population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was conducted on 129,087 individuals, and the NAFLD score was assessed using the Fatty Liver Index (FLI), Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI), and Framingham Steatosis Index (FSI). The incidence of chronic periodontitis was defined as a diagnostic code with dental procedures. Multi\u2010variable adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed with hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nine thousand one hundred and twenty\u2010eight chronic periodontitis cases (7.1%) were identified during a mean 7.4\u00a0years follow\u2010up period. Each NAFLD score was related to chronic periodontitis. In the FLI score, HR and 95% CIs for the incidence of chronic periodontitis compared with a low FLI group were as follows: indeterminate FLI: 1.19 (1.12\u20131.26), high FLI: 1.32 (1.18\u20131.47). In the HSI and FSI scores, HR and 95% CIs for the incidence of chronic periodontitis were 1.13 (1.05\u20131.22) and 1.23 (1.05\u20131.31), respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All NAFLD scores were associated with chronic periodontitis in the Korean population. As chronic periodontitis can aggravate the liver status, patients with NAFLD may need regular dental visits.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Plain Language Summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Several studies have shown a link between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic periodontitis, but few have explored if NAFLD causes chronic periodontitis, especially in Asians. This study investigated the relationship between NAFLD and chronic periodontitis in Koreans. NAFLD was measured using different indexes (Fatty Liver Index, Hepatic Steatosis Index, and Framingham Steatosis Index), and chronic periodontitis was identified through medical records and dental procedures. The results showed that higher NAFLD scores were significantly associated with an increased risk of developing chronic periodontitis. These findings suggest a positive association between NAFLD and the incidence of chronic periodontitis in Korean population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jper.24-0171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,7]],"date-time":"2024-07-07T06:13:03Z","timestamp":1720332783000},"page":"490-498","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease scores and chronic periodontitis: A retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1292-5815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kwangmin","family":"Joo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Dong\u2010A University Hospital  Busan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3652-8259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yeo Wool","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Dong\u2010A University College of Medicine  Busan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8929-9250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang Yi","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Dong\u2010A University College of Medicine  Busan Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Data Sciences Convergence Dong\u2010A University Interdisciplinary Program  Busan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9073-9233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang Hyun","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Dong\u2010A University College of Medicine  Busan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0047-3102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minkook","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Data Sciences Convergence Dong\u2010A University Interdisciplinary Program  Busan Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Physiology Dong\u2010A University College of Medicine  Busan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28431"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29367"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.06.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u2010230X\u20106\u201033"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2009.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2020.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12685"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8081135"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2015.157001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577\u2010020\u201000488\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22073728"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15403\/jgld\u2010841"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aohep.2022.100887"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010020\u201060797\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00230.2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12459"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.13218"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.14785"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen\u20102017\u2010016640"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","unstructured":"National Health Insurance Data Sharing Service. 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