{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T03:09:27Z","timestamp":1784257767446,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess how the diagnostic reproducibility of the 2018 Classification of Gingival Recession Defects (GRD) could be applied when comparing in\u2010person chairside measurements with photographic measurements.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010four GRD were photographed and evaluated by 4 masked operators. For each case, the operators measured twice recession type (RT), recession depth (RD), keratinized tissue width (KTW), gingival thickness (GT), detectability of the cemento\u2013enamel junction (CEJ), and presence of root steps (RSs), chairside, and on photographs. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated for RD and KTW; Kappa with 95% CI was used for GT, CEJ, and RS; quadratic weighted Kappa with 95% CI was used for RT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>RD, KTW, and RT showed excellent overall intra\u2010operator agreement (&gt;\u00a00.93), and from good to excellent overall inter\u2010operator agreement (&gt;\u00a00.80), for both clinical and photographic measurements. Agreements were lower for GT, CEJ, and RS. Overall clinical and photographic agreements were within 0.1 difference for every variable, except for inter\u2010operator agreement for RS which was 0.72 for clinical measurements and 0.45 for photographic measurements. The lowest overall agreement between clinical versus photographic measurements existed for CEJ (0.28) and RS (0.35).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Variables composing the 2018 Classification of GRD are reproducible, both clinically and on photographs, with comparable agreements. The overall agreement was higher for KTW, RD, and RT, and lower for GT, CEJ, and RS, for both clinical and photographic measurements. The comparison between chairside and photographic evaluations indicated fair to excellent agreement for most variables, with CEJ and RS showing fair agreement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Plain Language Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>As digital diagnostics evolve to facilitate clinical diagnostic measurement, we aimed to assess the effectiveness of intraoral photography for diagnosing gingival recession defects (GRD) according to the 2018 Classification of GRD, compared to traditional clinical examination.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Standardized photographs of thirty\u2010four GRD cases were captured. Four masked operators evaluated the same gingival recessions twice in a clinical setting and twice using photographs. Measurement repeatability within and between operators was calculated for both clinical and photographic settings, and the two settings were compared.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Continuous measurements such as recession depth and keratinized tissue width, as well as the evaluation of interproximal attachment height (recession type), showed excellent agreement both clinically and photographically. Agreement was lower for gingival thickness and the detectability of tooth anatomical landmarks, such as the cemento\u2010enamel junction and the presence of root steps. Overall, the agreement between chairside and photographic evaluations was generally good, but lower when evaluating tooth anatomical landmarks.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The variables composing the 2018 Classification of GRD are reproducible in both clinical and photographic settings, with comparable levels of agreement. However, there was consistently worse agreement for gingival thickness and when evaluating tooth anatomical landmarks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jper.24-0173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T06:29:35Z","timestamp":1724653775000},"page":"467-477","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Diagnostic reproducibility of the 2018 Classification of Gingival Recessions: Comparing photographic and in\u2010person diagnoses"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2579-9464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riccardo","family":"Di Gianfilippo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics &amp; Oral Medicine University of Michigan School of Dentistry  Ann Arbor Michigan USA"},{"name":"Pacific Academy of Periodontal and Implant Research  Bellevue Washington USA"},{"name":"Foundation for Oral Rehabilitation  Lucerne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"GiovanPaolo","family":"Pini Prato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuscany Academy of Dental Research  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debora","family":"Franceschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine The University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Castelluzzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit in Periodontology and Periodontal Medicine The University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Barbato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit in Periodontology and Periodontal Medicine The University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Bandel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit in Periodontology and Periodontal Medicine The University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Di Martino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit in Periodontology and Periodontal Medicine The University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4181-3975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudio M.","family":"Pannuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Periodontics School of Dentistry University of S\u00e3o Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leandro","family":"Chambrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evidence\u2010Based Hub Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz Egas Moniz\u2010Cooperativa de Ensino Superior  Caparica Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Periodontics The University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Unit of Basic Oral Investigation Universidad El Bosque  Bogota Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3781-1715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Cairo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head Research Unit in Periodontology and Periodontal Medicine The University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2008.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17226\/21794"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i2139"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13900"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.20-0149"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1999.70.9.1077"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2009.080146"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13641"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13229"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","first-page":"152","article-title":"Free autogenous gingival grafts. 3. 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