{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T17:03:48Z","timestamp":1792343028571,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lipocalin\u20102 (LCN\u20102) is an osteokine that suppresses appetite, stimulates insulin secretion, regulates bone remodeling, and is induced by proinflammatory cytokines. The aim of this work was to investigate the participation of LCN\u20102 in periodontitis associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) by evaluating alveolar bone loss, glycemic control, inflammation, and femur fragility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A murine model of periodontitis with T2D and elevated LCN\u20102 concentration was used. Functional LCN\u20102 inhibition was achieved using an anti\u2010LCN\u20102 polyclonal antibody, and isotype immunoglobulin G was used as a control. The alveolar bone and femur were evaluated by micro\u2010CT. Glucose metabolism was determined. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF\u2010\u03b1) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa\u2010B ligand (RANKL) levels in alveolar bone lysates were quantified using ELISA, and serum cytokines were quantified using flow cytometry. A three\u2010point bending test was performed in the femur, and RANKL levels were measured in femur lysates using ELISA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Functional inhibition of LCN\u20102 in T2D\u2013periodontitis mice decreased alveolar bone loss in buccal and palatal surfaces and preserved the microarchitecture of the remaining bone, decreased TNF\u2010\u03b1 and RANKL in alveolar bone, reduced hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance, and increased insulin production through improving the functionality of pancreatic \u03b2 cells. Furthermore, this inhibition increased serum free\u2010glycerol levels, decreased serum interleukin (IL)\u20106, increased serum IL\u20104, and reduced femur fragility and RANKL expression in the femur.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>LCN\u20102 participates in periodontitis associated with T2D. Inhibiting its function in mice with T2D and periodontitis improves pancreatic \u03b2\u2010cell function, and glucose metabolism and decreases inflammatory cytokines and bone\u2010RANKL levels, which results in the preservation of femoral and alveolar bone microarchitecture.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Plain Language Summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, we explored the role of a bone protein known as lipocalin\u20102 (LCN\u20102) in the connection between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Periodontitis is a destructive gum and alveolar bone disease. LCN\u20102 levels are increased in both T2D and periodontitis.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Using a mouse model of T2D with periodontitis, we examined how blocking LCN\u20102 function affected various aspects of these two diseases. We found that this inhibition led to significant improvements. First, it reduced alveolar bone loss and preserved bone structure by decreasing local inflammation and bone resorption. Second, it improved glucose and lipid metabolism, leading to better blood\u2010sugar control and decreased insulin resistance. Blocking the functions of LCN\u20102 also decreased systemic inflammation throughout the body and strengthened bone integrity.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, our results suggest that LCN\u20102 plays a crucial role in the periodontitis associated with T2D. By inhibiting LCN\u20102 function, we were able to improve pancreatic function, improve glucose metabolism, reduce inflammation, and enhance bone health. Targeting LCN\u20102 could be a promising strategy for the harmful effects of T2D and periodontitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jper.24-0215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T08:19:18Z","timestamp":1724746758000},"page":"369-382","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Lipocalin\u20102 as a fundamental protein in type 2 diabetes and periodontitis in mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Diana Laura","family":"S\u00f3lis\u2010Suarez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Dental Research, Section of Osteoimmunology and Oral Immunology, FES Iztacala National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) State of Mexico  Mexico Mexico"},{"name":"Postgraduate Course in Dental Sciences National Autonomous University of Mexico  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sa\u00fal Ernesto","family":"Cifuentes\u2010Mendiola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Dental Research, Section of Osteoimmunology and Oral Immunology, FES Iztacala National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) State of Mexico  Mexico Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez\u2010Alva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tissue Bioengineering, Faculty of Dentistry National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM)  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana Patricia","family":"Rodr\u00edguez\u2010Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM)  Mexico City 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