{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T09:04:11Z","timestamp":1778403851601,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Acid blocker therapy (ABT) has become common in cystic fibrosis (CF), despite insufficient evidence for benefits and studies showing potentially negative effects. We examined associations between ABT usage and growth, gut microbiome (GM), and early\u2010onset lung disease in young children with CF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred and forty\u2010five infants with CF born during 2012\u20132017, diagnosed through newborn screening by age 3 months and followed to 36 months of age at six CF centers were evaluated. Longitudinal data on growth, pancreatic functional status, pulmonary symptoms, and acid blocker medications were prospectively collected. Early\u2010onset lung disease severity was evaluated by a clinical scoring system. GM composition was assessed by 16S rRNA methodology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>ABT use before age 3 years was frequent, with 81 (56%) of patients on H2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) or proton pump inhibitor (PPI), and higher among pancreatic insufficient (60%) versus pancreatic sufficient (26%) children. H2RA was commonly prescribed in infancy before transitioning to PPI. Growth improvements were not significantly greater, while GM \u03b1\u2010diversity at 3 years of age was significantly lower and early\u2010onset lung disease more severe, in persistent ABT users compared to nonusers of ABT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In our cohort of young children with CF, early and persistent ABT use was not associated with significant growth benefits and instead showed associations with reduced GM diversity and negative effects on early\u2010onset lung disease. Consequentially, there is a critical need for systematic evaluation and comprehensive risk\u2013benefit analysis of ABT to ensure proper guidelines for children with CF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jpn3.12389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T10:49:22Z","timestamp":1730112562000},"page":"1124-1133","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Impact of acid blocker therapy on growth, gut microbiome, and lung disease in young children with cystic fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Cathy","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taiya R.","family":"Bach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip M.","family":"Farrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Derek","family":"Pavelec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioinformatics Resource Center, UW Biotechnology Center University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison  Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Antos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Rock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fadi","family":"Asfour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Howenstine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Indiana University Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan M.","family":"Gaffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Boston Children's Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"HuiChuan J.","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(19)30337-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"1113","volume-title":"Pediatric Nutrition","author":"Lai HJ","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e31802c41de"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2012.213"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2012.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1998.tb01503.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v26.i41.6322"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","unstructured":"Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. 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