{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T14:31:25Z","timestamp":1792420285773,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ingestion of caustic substances is currently a significant health concern in pediatric age, being bleach products among the most commonly ingested. The management of children having ingested bleach is currently controversial since scientific data on their degree of toxicity toward the esophageal and gastric mucosa are currently very poor. Therefore, our study aims at comprehensively analyzing the effects of bleach ingestion in children as well as at evaluating patterns of ingestions, clinical symptom development, and endoscopic findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective observational study was carried out between January 2017 and December 2023 at the Pediatric Department of Santobono Children's Hospital in Naples. Children aged 0\u201318 years admitted for bleach ingestion were enrolled.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred children with a mean age of 58.7 months were included in the study. Eighty\u2010nine\/100 (89%) children had ingested household bleaches (both chlorine\u2010 or peroxidase\u2010based) while 11\/100 (11%) had ingested homemade or industrial bleaches. The latter were significantly more likely to develop esophagogastric lesions, while children having ingested commercially available household bleaches did not report significant mucosal lesions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our data suggest that the toxicity of commercially available household bleaches on the gastrointestinal tract is very low. Therefore, digestive endoscopy is generally unnecessary in case of household bleach ingestion. Conversely, a timely endoscopic evaluation and close follow\u2010up should be performed in children who ingest homemade or industrial bleaches.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jpn3.70063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T03:29:12Z","timestamp":1746674952000},"page":"11-17","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The effects of liquid bleach ingestion on children's esophageal and gastric mucosa"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0734-7472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Quitadamo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Santobono\u2010Pausilipon Children's Hospital Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelamaria","family":"di Lauri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine Anastasia Guerriero Hospital Marcianise Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rossana","family":"Albano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medical Science Section of Pediatrics, University \u201cFederico II\u201d Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Laudadio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medical Science Section of Pediatrics, University \u201cFederico II\u201d Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piergiorgio","family":"Gragnaniello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medical Science Section of Pediatrics, University \u201cFederico II\u201d Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria G.","family":"Puoti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Santobono\u2010Pausilipon Children's Hospital Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Bucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Santobono\u2010Pausilipon Children's Hospital Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Isoldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Santobono\u2010Pausilipon Children's Hospital Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Cirillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Santobono\u2010Pausilipon Children's Hospital Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rossella","family":"Turco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Santobono\u2010Pausilipon Children's Hospital Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludovica","family":"Carangelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Naples Federico II \u2010 Department of Neuroscience and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences \u2010 Data Manager at the Clinical and Translational Research Unit of the AORN Santobono Pausilipon Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariano","family":"Caldore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Santobono\u2010Pausilipon Children's Hospital Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1810769"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650.2021.1989785"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000002685"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Caustics Emergency Preparedness & Response.2018.https:\/\/emergency.cdc.gov\/agent\/caustics\/index.asp"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15171\/jcs.2016.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-3392"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","volume-title":"Bleach Toxicity","author":"Benzoni 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Guideline Executive summary","volume":"49","author":"Tringali A","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOO.0000000000000198"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(91)70678-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","unstructured":"European Union Risk Assessment Report Sodium Hypochlorite CAS No: 7681\u201052\u20109 EI\u2010 NECS No: 231\u2010668\u20103;2007.http:\/\/echa.europa.eu\/docu-ments\/10162\/330fee6d-3220-4db1-add3-3df9bbc2e5e5"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Is rigid endoscopy necessary with childhood corrosive ingestion? A retrospective comparative analysis of 458 cases","volume":"30","author":"Bosnali O","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327111412803"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","first-page":"365","article-title":"Intoxications par les produits domestiques [Poisoning by household products]","volume":"50","author":"Lambert H","year":"2000","journal-title":"Rev Prat"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13017-015-0043-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000000060"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(04)01722-5"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jpn3.70063","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T12:11:51Z","timestamp":1754914311000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jpn3.70063"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jpn3.70063"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jpn3.70063","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-2116","1536-4801"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-2116","type":"print"},{"value":"1536-4801","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]]}}}