{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T05:09:39Z","timestamp":1771304979224,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]],"date-time":"2025-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750550400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]],"date-time":"2025-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750550400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Paediatric achalasia is a rare condition associated with significant morbidity. A core outcome set (COS) would standardise reporting, enable comparison of data sets, and focus research efforts; ultimately improving care for children with achalasia. We aimed to identify outcomes currently reported in studies of paediatric achalasia to inform outcomes for a COS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta\u2010analysis guidelines. Studies investigating children \u226418 years of age with a diagnosis of achalasia were included. Primary and secondary outcomes were recorded and assigned to OMERACT core areas. The study was pre\u2010registered (PROSPERO: CRD42024509855).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty\u2010two studies were included in this review, consisting of 54 retrospective and 8 prospective studies. Median cohort size was 20 patients (inter\u2010quartile range: 13\u201328). Forty\u2010eight unique outcomes were reported. The most common outcomes reported were intra\u2010operative complications (65%, 40 studies), post\u2010operative complications (58%, 36 studies) and length of stay (58%, 36 studies). A primary outcome was specified in 12 studies (19%), the most common was the Eckardt score (13%) in 8 studies. Studies least frequently reported outcomes in the death (21%, 13 studies) and pathophysiological manifestations (35%, 22 studies) core areas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The studies included in this review were predominantly small and retrospective. Of the few studies that specified a primary outcome, the majority used the Eckardt score, which is unvalidated in children. Outcomes relevant to pathophysiological manifestations, life impact and survival were under\u2010reported. A COS for paediatric achalasia, involving key stakeholders, would ensure that patient\u2010relevant outcomes were reported, reduce heterogeneity and facilitate meta\u2010analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jpn3.70128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]],"date-time":"2025-06-22T10:49:16Z","timestamp":1750589356000},"page":"523-529","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Outcome reporting in studies of paediatric achalasia: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4049-3896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan J.","family":"Neville","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health University College London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sierra","family":"Schaffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Surgery Royal Alexandra Children's Hospital Brighton UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0892-9204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Eaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health University College London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8570-9374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nigel J.","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Surgery Unit University of Southampton, Faculty of Medicine Southampton UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2017.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1697958"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000002221"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lap.2016.0085"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lap.2016.0169"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2010.01884.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000393"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2196-1887"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.131314"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-017-1765-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000002432"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2014.06.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2012.06.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2014.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-019-01607-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lap.2009.0122"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2019.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2008.10.117"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"Peroral endoscopic myotomy in pediatric patients with achalasia up to 12 years of age: a pilot study in a single\u2010center experience in Japan","volume":"34","author":"Samejima Y","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2016.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2022.01.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2017.07.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1442-2050.2002.00246.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2020.02.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13484"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2023.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-002-9257-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2005.50141.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(97)90206-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gcb.2009.10.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(92)91428-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-017-2924-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10173917"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2019.01.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjpo-2024-003130"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jpn3.70128","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jpn3.70128","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jpn3.70128","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T04:40:28Z","timestamp":1771303228000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jpn3.70128"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jpn3.70128"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jpn3.70128","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-2116","1536-4801"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-2116","type":"print"},{"value":"1536-4801","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]]}}}