{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T05:37:45Z","timestamp":1787981865062,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762387200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762387200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ghrelin is an orexigenic hormone that regulates growth hormone release, appetite, energy balance, and fat utilization. We aimed to evaluate the number of ghrelin\u2010positive cells in the gastric fundus among children referred for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGE) with various indications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Retrospective study of pediatric patients referred for UGE during 2015\u20132017. The number of ghrelin\u2010positive cells in the gastric fundus was calculated using immunohistochemical staining with a specific antighrelin antibody) and compared between patients with and without\n                      <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      )\u2010induced gastritis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 53 children (\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      gastritis [\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200918] and without\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      gastritis\u00a0(celiac disease [CeD] (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200915), faltering growth [\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20096], and controls [\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200914])) were included. The mean number per mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      of gastric ghrelin\u2010positive cells was lower for the\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      gastritis group (49.8\u2009\u00b1\u200929.7), than for non\u2010\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      group (CeD [91.2\u2009\u00b1\u200926.2], faltering growth [83\u2009\u00b1\u200943.0], and control [91.9\u2009\u00b1\u200940.2]),\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001. Severe acute gastric antral inflammation (grade 2\u20133 in the Sydney system) presented in 7 (39%) of the\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      gastritis group and 1 (2.9%) in non\u2010\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      group,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001. Severe chronic gastric antral inflammation (grade 2\u20133 in the Sydney system) presented in 7 (39%) of the\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      gastritis group compared to 3 (8.6%) in non\u2010\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      group,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02. A negative correlation was observed between ghrelin\u2010positive cell count and acute antral inflammation severity (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.4,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among pediatric patients with\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      gastritis, compared to patients without\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      , the mean number of ghrelin\u2010stained positive cells in the gastric fundus was lower, and higher proportions had more severe acute and chronic inflammations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jpn3.70254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T06:20:56Z","timestamp":1762496456000},"page":"18-23","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Gastric ghrelin is reduced in children with\n                    <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>\n                    gastritis compared to children without\n                    <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3120-7736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Krauthammer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center Ramat Gan Israel"},{"name":"Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences Tel\u2010Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tal 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