{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T04:44:07Z","timestamp":1776401047291,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,23]],"date-time":"2025-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763856000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,23]],"date-time":"2025-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763856000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>People with cystic fibrosis (CF) are at risk of iron deficiency (ID), and although well established in adults, data in children are limited. We assessed iron status in a cohort of children with CF and evaluated the effectiveness of ID management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analysed iron status and treatment data from medical records of 190 children with CF (aged 1\u201316 years) assessed routinely in 2021 and 2022 at the Royal Brompton Hospital (RBH), London. Ferritin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and haemoglobin were used to determine the prevalence of ID, ID erythropoiesis (IDE) and ID anaemia (IDA) using RBH definitions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The proportion of children with abnormal iron status indices decreased between the assessments (2021 \u2010 63% vs. 2022 \u2010 54%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03). Prevalence of ID without anaemia (51% vs. 44%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.12), IDE (8% vs. 6%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.63), and IDA (4% vs. 3%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.00) did not differ between assessments. Sixty children received dietary advice for ID without anaemia, and iron supplements were prescribed for six and seven children with IDE and IDA, respectively. Change in iron status indices between assessments did not differ between treated and untreated children, although ferritin increased in the seven children treated for IDA (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04). There was a positive association between highly effective modulator therapy and change in MCV.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ID remains an issue in children with CF, warranting annual monitoring of iron status. Management with dietary advice and\/or iron supplementation showed limited effectiveness using our criteria for abnormal iron status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jpn3.70274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T07:33:50Z","timestamp":1763969630000},"page":"566-573","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prevalence and treatment of iron deficiency in children with cystic fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0261-0968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Twomey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences King's College London London UK"},{"name":"Department of Paediatric Dietetics Royal Brompton Hospital London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9107-4181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeannine","family":"Baumgartner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences King's College London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4717-4649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Schembri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Dietetics Royal Brompton Hospital London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3252-5399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wanda J","family":"Kozlowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine Royal Brompton Hospital London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0754-3863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ian M.","family":"Balfour\u2010Lynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine Royal Brompton Hospital London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32594-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14040834"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14051028"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.121.1.48"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.21335"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","unstructured":"Royal Brompton Hospital.Clinical guidelines: Care of children with cystic fibrosis 2023. Accessed July 3 2024.https:\/\/www.rbht.nhs.uk\/childrencf"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","volume-title":"Nathan and Oski's Hematology and Oncology of Infancy and Childhood","author":"Orkin SH","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.116.141762"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","unstructured":"British National Formulary for Children. Updated May 29 2024. Accessed July 3 2024.https:\/\/bnfc.nice.org.uk\/drugs"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","unstructured":"World Health Organisation.Haemoglobin concentrations for the diagnosis of anaemia and assessment of severity.2011. Accessed July 2 2024.https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/85839\/WHO_NMH_NHD_MNM_11.1_eng.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","unstructured":"World Health Organisation.Serum ferritin concentrations for the assessment of iron status in individuals and populations: technical brief.2020. 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