{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T04:43:14Z","timestamp":1776400994228,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765497600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complication commonly observed in adults with acute pancreatitis (AP) but remains poorly studied in pediatric patients. We investigated the utility of AKI biomarkers\u2014kidney injury molecule\u20101 (KIM\u20101), lipocalin 2 (NGAL), cystatin\u2010C (CYS\u2010C), and renalase (RNLS) in acute and chronic pancreatitis (CP), and to assess AP severity, and evaluate kidney function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Plasma and urine samples were collected from children with AP (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200949), CP (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200950), and healthy controls (HC;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200920). AKI biomarkers levels were measured using enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). AP patients were categorized into two groups: mild AP (MAP) and moderate\/severe AP (SAP). Kidney function was evaluated using plasma creatinine (pCre) and CYS\u2010C\u2010based enhanced glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) formulas.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Plasma KIM\u20101 and pCYS\u2010C were elevated in AP versus CP and HCs (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). Urinary NGAL (uNGAL) was elevated in AP subjects, with 14% of patients exceeding the value of 125\u2009ng\/mL. Plasma A\u2010RNLS remained same between AP and HCs (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.78) but was elevated in CP cohort (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). However, pF\u2010RNLS levels declined in AP compared to HCs and CP (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). SAP subjects (20% of AP cohort) had elevated pKIM\u20101 and pCYS\u2010C compared to MAP (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003). eGFR declined in AP subjects with 84% of AP patients showing CYS\u2010C eGFR &lt;90\u2009mL\/min\/1.73\u2009m\u00b2. Plasma CYS\u2010C, pA\u2010RNLS, and pF\u2010RNLS predicted AP from CP with area under the receiving operating curve of 0.86 (95% CL).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Elevated pKIM\u20101, pCYS\u2010C, and uNGAL, along with declining pF\u2010RNLS, are helpful in distinguishing pediatric AP from CP. Quantifying the Levels of pKIM\u20101 and pCYS\u2010C within the first 48\u2009h can help predict development of SAP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jpn3.70285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T13:22:03Z","timestamp":1765545723000},"page":"770-780","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Acute kidney injury markers in pediatric pancreatitis: Differentiating disease states and assessing severity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6100-0414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vineet","family":"Garlapally","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaojia","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Section of Nephrology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lindsey","family":"Hornung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, The Heart Institute Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zobeida","family":"Cruz\u2010Monserrate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, and The Comprehensive Cancer Center\u2013Arthur G, James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Safirstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Section of Nephrology VA Medical Center, and Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fred","family":"Gorelick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases VA Medical Center, and Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gary","family":"Desir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Section of Nephrology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stuart L.","family":"Goldstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, The Heart Institute Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8968-7851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maisam","family":"Abu\u2010El\u2010Haija","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati Ohio 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