{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T06:02:55Z","timestamp":1785132175025,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777248000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014566","name":"Fondazione Celiachia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["004_2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["004_2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014566","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite a well\u2010defined diagnostic work\u2010up, uncertainties persist regarding celiac disease (CeD) detection strategies in the general population. Machine learning (ML) algorithms offer promise in aiding medical decision\u2010making on clinical data. This study aimed to utilize ML prediction models to identify uncommon features indicating the necessity for CeD screening in children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The discovery cohort comprised children with CeD exhibiting nonspecific clinical features, drawn from a single referral center, along with gender\u2010 and age\u2010matched controls. Data collected included demographic details, symptoms, laboratory tests, and family history of CeD or other autoimmune diseases, excluding anti\u2010transglutaminase immunoglobulin A (IgA) values. Various supervised ML models, utilizing input features to label CeD presence, were applied, with 73 features considered initially.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We collected data from 325 patients with CeD and 490 controls. A comprehensive evaluation using 10\u2010fold cross\u2010validation showed that a Ridge Classifier model achieved the best overall performance, with a mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.763 (\u00b10.070), F1\u2010score of 0.662 (\u00b10.067), sensitivity of 0.652 (\u00b10.110), and specificity of 0.689 (\u00b10.081). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) model identified a stable set of 40 predictive features, with noteworthy features including muscle pain, gastroesophageal reflux disease\u2010like symptoms, fatigue, and specific family histories of autoimmune disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ML models, particularly the LASSO model, exhibited accuracy in identifying CeD in children with nonspecific clinical features. The identification of 40 uncommon features predictive of CeD diagnosis could support a more effective case\u2010finding strategy, potentially enhancing CeD detection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jpn3.70446","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T11:19:45Z","timestamp":1777288785000},"page":"135-144","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The needle study: Machine learning as a new method for case\u2010finding in celiac disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Chiara Maria","family":"Trovato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children Hospital, IRCCS Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Montuori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Maternal and Child Health Department Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Ludovica","family":"Costanzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giusy","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Maternal and Child Health Department Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cosimo","family":"Ruggiero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Maternal and Child Health Department Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danila","family":"Volpe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Maternal and Child Health Department Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Ferretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children Hospital, IRCCS Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Diamanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children Hospital, IRCCS Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Ciliberto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Centre for Artificial Intelligence University College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2348-2308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salvatore","family":"Oliva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Maternal and Child Health Department Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.001593"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.699579"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2023.103496"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2017.06.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.12.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32519-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/amiajnl-2013-001924"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2017.12.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-84951-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2019.105236"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.00341"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMe030050"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","article-title":"The challenge of treatment in potential celiac disease","author":"Trovato CM","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Res Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2019.06.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000002497"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640619844125"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2013-306578"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/2916024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1996.tb02080.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","first-page":"2825","article-title":"Scikit\u2010learn: machine learning in Python","volume":"12","author":"Pedregosa F","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000003047"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12237386"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13000-023-01412-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13172780"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2023.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.5822"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","first-page":"1455","article-title":"Quantification of celiac disease severity using video capsule endoscopy: a comparison of human experts and machine learning algorithms","volume":"19","author":"Chetcuti Zammit S","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Med Imaging Former Curr Med Imaging Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11112139"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jpn3.70446","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jpn3.70446","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jpn3.70446","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T05:57:26Z","timestamp":1785131846000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jpn3.70446"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jpn3.70446"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jpn3.70446","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-2116","1536-4801"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-2116","type":"print"},{"value":"1536-4801","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]]}}}