{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T12:12:14Z","timestamp":1788437534479,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Since late 2025, precautionary recalls of specific infant and follow\u2010on formula batches in Europe have occurred due to contamination with cereulide, a heat\u2010 and acid\u2010stable emetic toxin produced by certain Bacillus cereus strains. Contamination was traced to arachidonic acid (ARA)\u2010containing algal oil from a single supplier; no viable bacteria were detected in the affected products. The European Food Safety Authority established a conservative acute reference dose for infants, and available monitoring data indicate that detected concentrations were generally low and unlikely to pose significant health risks, although some batches may have exceeded precautionary thresholds. This commentary reviews the toxicological background, current risk assessment, analytical challenges, and clinical implications. While cereulide should not be present beyond unavoidable trace levels in infant formula, risk management must remain proportionate and avoid promoting nutritionally inadequate substitutes. Ensuring validated analytical surveillance, stringent raw material control, transparent communication, and continued provision of appropriately regulated formulas containing recommended long\u2010chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and ARA, is essential to safeguard infant health and maintain public confidence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jpn3.70488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T07:54:41Z","timestamp":1782806081000},"page":"371-373","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Safety of infant milks: Contamination with cereulide. A commentary by ESPGHAN (European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"83","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4806-0312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadja","family":"Haiden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9783-3444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mary","family":"Fewtrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7676-1186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elin H\u00e5rd af","family":"Segerstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Research Instittute Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Skane University Hospital Malmoe Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3262-5964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iva","family":"Hojsak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital Zagreb University of Zagreb Medical School Zagreb Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3322-2921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Norsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Department Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital Milan"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science University of Milan Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5345-7165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Berthold","family":"Koletzko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians Universit\u00e4t Munich Munich Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Child and Adolescent Health, site Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2016.4524"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2026.9941"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"AGES. Update on cereulide in infant formula 25 February 2026; Available from:https:\/\/www.ages.at\/en\/news\/detail\/update-on-cereulide-in-infant-formula-25-february-2026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","unstructured":"ECDC. Multi\u2010country foodborne event caused by cereulide in infant formula products.2026. Available from:https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/Rapid-Outbreak-Assessment-food-borne-incident-cereulide-infant-formula-products.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.s256"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.s164"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","unstructured":"Official Journal of the European Union. Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016\/127 of 25 September 2015 supplementing Regulation (EU) No 609\/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the specific compositional and information requirements for infant formula and follow\u2010on formula and as regards requirements on information relating to infant and young child feeding.2016. Available from:https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX:32016R0127"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz252"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jpn3.70488","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jpn3.70488","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jpn3.70488","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T11:12:45Z","timestamp":1788433965000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jpn3.70488"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jpn3.70488"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jpn3.70488","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-2116","1536-4801"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-2116","type":"print"},{"value":"1536-4801","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]}}}