{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T11:08:56Z","timestamp":1784632136219,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is the first\u2010line treatment for pediatric Crohn's disease, but its mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. Our aim was to identify the mechanisms that could explain the anti\u2010inflammatory effects of EEN, studying the nutritional composition and transforming growth factor\u2010\u03b2 (TGF\u2010\u03b2) effects, in a mouse model of colitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mice were treated with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to induce colitis. After DSS treatment, we compared two enteral nutrition formulas, and we evaluated the effect of TGF\u2010\u03b2 itself on clinical and microscopic inflammation, and intestinal permeability, by TGF\u2010\u03b2\u2010supplementation, \u2010inhibition, or \u2010deletion. Colonic crypts from DSS and EEN mice were cultured and their cellular properties were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both EEN formulas improved weight recovery and disease activity index. In contrast, EEN mice treated with TGF\u2010\u03b2 formula presented faster weight recovery and decreased inflammatory parameters, with a normalized intestinal permeability, suggesting gut restitution and functionality. These functional improvements were not found in the absence of TGF\u2010\u03b2 in the formulas. Finally, organoids from colonic crypts treated with Modulen IBD\u00ae containing TGF\u2010\u03b2 showed enhanced survival and re\u2010epithelialization capacity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both EEN formulas have anti\u2010inflammatory properties based on their nutritional composition. However, TGF\u2010\u03b2 plays a significant role in intestinal functional restitution.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jpn3.70517","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T10:37:54Z","timestamp":1784630274000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exclusive enteral nutrition containing transforming growth factor\u2010\u03b2 improves intestinal barrier function in a colitis mouse model"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Kawthar","family":"Boumessid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM UMR1220, INRAE, ENVT University of Toulouse Toulouse France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vickie","family":"Lacroix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM UMR1220, INRAE, ENVT University of Toulouse Toulouse France"},{"name":"Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Diabetes and Inborn Errors of Metabolism Department, Children Hospital Toulouse University Hospital Toulouse France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina","family":"Ovtchinnikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM UMR1220, INRAE, ENVT University of Toulouse Toulouse France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Thenet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR 938, Research Center of Saint\u2010Antoine Sorbonne University, INSERM Paris France"},{"name":"EPHE PSL University Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Carriere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SyMMES University of Grenoble, CEA, INP, CNRS Grenoble France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7150-9619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9rick","family":"Barreau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM UMR1220, INRAE, ENVT University of 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