{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T10:54:08Z","timestamp":1791975248290,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009963","name":"Forskning och Utveckling, Halland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HALLAND\u2010938848"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HALLAND\u2010938848"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009963","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009963","name":"Forskning och Utveckling, Halland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["939188"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["939188"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009963","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009963","name":"Forskning och Utveckling, Halland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["968772"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["968772"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009963","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009963","name":"Forskning och Utveckling, Halland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["992394"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["992394"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009963","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evidence suggests that adequate supplies of omega\u20106 (n\u20106) and omega\u20103 (n\u20103) fatty acids (FAs) are beneficial for brain development, but serum data are scarce. We explored correlations between early serum proportions of n\u20106 and n\u20103 FAs and neurodevelopment at 4 years of age.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serum proportions for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), total n\u20103 and the n\u20106\/n\u20103 ratio were analysed from umbilical\u2010cord, at 4 and 12 months for 119 children born vaginally at full\u2010term at the Halland Hospital Halmstad, Sweden, in 2008\u20132009. Neurodevelopmental testing at 4 years of age included the complete Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI\u2010III) and the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ\u20103). Pearson correlation analysis was conducted for WPPSI\u2010III and Spearman's rho for ASQ\u20103 followed by forward\u2010selection regression models for significant correlations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Higher proportions of DHA, n\u20103 FAs and low n\u20106\/n\u20103 ratio at birth correlated with higher gross motor scores at age 4 (Spearman's rho, 0.278, 0.292 and \u22120.261,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Low n\u20106\/n\u20103 ratio at 12 months correlated with higher full\u2010scale intelligence quotient (IQ) and higher verbal IQ (\u22120.279 and \u22120.269,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), at age 4.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this exploratory study, elevated serum n\u20103 FAs and low n\u20106\/n\u20103 ratio during the brain growth spurt show statistical correlations with higher neurodevelopmental scores with respect to motor control, verbal abilities, and overall cognition at 4 years of age, with small\u2010to moderate effect sizes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jpn3.70611","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T10:41:53Z","timestamp":1791974513000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Early serum n\u20106 and n\u20103 fatty acid profile and preschool\u2010age neurodevelopment"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8310-0220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Berggren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"General Practice\/Family Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Primary Health Care Center Getinge, Region Halland Getinge Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josefine","family":"Roswall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Halland Hospital Halmstad Halmstad Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Blomqvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ola","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Pediatrics\/Neonatology Lund University Lund Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Neonatology Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital Malm\u00f6\/Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-78867-8_2","volume-title":"Handbook of Clinical Child Neuropsychology","author":"Kolb B","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"175","article-title":"Vitamins and brain development","volume":"48","author":"Ramakrishna T","year":"1999","journal-title":"Physiol Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/82.2.281","article-title":"Is docosahexaenoic acid, an n\u2212 3 long\u2010chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, required for development of normal brain function? 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