{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T15:57:06Z","timestamp":1786636626382,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775692800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JPGN rep."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prader\u2013Willi Syndrome (PWS) is characterized by hyperphagia, endocrinopathies, and gastrointestinal abnormalities. Clinical concerns about constipation and fecal incontinence (FI) are common, but no studies to date have clear data on functional defecation disorders in children with PWS. This study aims to describe the prevalence of functional constipation (FC) in children with PWS seen at Seattle Children's Hospital between 2019 and 2023.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Parental perception of stooling was collected with a survey designed to correlate with the Rome IV criteria for FC. A retrospective chart review, including survey answers, was done for 69 patients ages 1\u201321 years who completed the initial survey between 2019 and 2023. FC status was assigned according to responses. Results were collected in an online secure\u00a0REDCap database, and statistical analysis was done in STATA statistical software.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Approximately 17% of the population reported symptoms consistent with FC. Those with FC trended older and had higher rates of laxative use. Growth hormone and levothyroxine use were similar between groups. Parents of patients with FC were more likely to identify their child had constipation, though half did not. Lastly, 35% of patients had FI after established toilet training, though it was not always associated with FC at the time of the visit.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rates of constipation in the pediatric PWS population are nearly 80% higher than in the general population, with high rates of FI. The accuracy of parental reports of constipation may be unreliable without reviewing symptoms. This study highlights the importance of parent and provider education and recognition of functional defecation disorders in children with PWS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jpr3.70185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T11:06:18Z","timestamp":1775732778000},"page":"410-415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Functional constipation in children and young adults with Prader\u2013Willi syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9908-9409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melinda J.","family":"Pierce","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology University of Washington and Seattle Children's Hospital Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabella","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology University of Washington and Seattle Children's Hospital Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lusine","family":"Ambartsumyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology University of Washington and Seattle Children's Hospital Seattle Washington USA"},{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology University of Washington and Seattle Children's Hospital Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parisa","family":"Salehi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASPN Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Southcentral Foundation Anchorage Alaska USA"},{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology University of Washington Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"Driscoll DJ Miller JL Cassidy SB. Prader\u2013Willi Syndrome. In: Adam MP Feldman J Mirzaa GM Pagon RA Wallace SE Amemiya A eds.GeneReviews\u00ae. University of Washington; 1993."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mgg3.514"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jpn3.12437"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.02.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(21)00111-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3181d33b7d"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2006.098335"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MPG.0000149964.77418.27"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.01735.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-2820"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"001","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1724049","article-title":"Prolapsed rectum and risk factors in Prader\u2013Willi syndrome: a case\u2010based review","volume":"11","author":"Butler MG","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pediatr Genet"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"502","article-title":"Biofeedback therapy for chronic constipation in a patient with Prader\u2013Willi syndrome","volume":"28","author":"Corral JE","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2010.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000001937"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-14-63"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.40665"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s0004-2803.202202000-47"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2009.173716"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-023-02711-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1352\/0895-8017(1999)104<0260:SBAPSB>2.0.CO;2"}],"container-title":["JPGN Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jpr3.70185","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jpr3.70185","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jpr3.70185","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T14:59:10Z","timestamp":1786633150000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jpr3.70185"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jpr3.70185"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jpr3.70185","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2691-171X","2691-171X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2691-171X","type":"print"},{"value":"2691-171X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}