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In the prevention phase, 18 Sprague\u2013Dawley rats were fed a high\u2010fat diet, a high\u2010fat diet plus 400\u2009mg\u2009kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> HES, or a chow diet for 7\u2009weeks. For the treatment phase, after the induction of NAFLD, they were fed a high\u2010fat diet, a high\u2010fat diet plus 400\u2009mg\u2009kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> HES, a chow diet, or chow diet plus 400\u2009mg\u2009kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> HES for 4\u2009weeks (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> =\u20096).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Weight gain (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.01), food intake (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.01), serum glucose (<jats:italic>P\u2009=<\/jats:italic> 0.01), triglyceride (TG) (<jats:italic>P\u2009=<\/jats:italic> 0.02), low\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL\u2010c) (<jats:italic>P\u2009=<\/jats:italic> 0.01), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (<jats:italic>P\u2009=<\/jats:italic> 0.02), liver steatosis, and the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) activity score (NAS) (<jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic> 0.01) in the high\u2010fat group were statistically higher than in the other groups at the end of the prevention phase. Feeding spinach extract to rats on a high\u2010fat diet decreased serum glucose (<jats:italic>P\u2009=<\/jats:italic> 0.01), total cholesterol (TCh) (<jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic> 0.01), AST (<jats:italic>P\u2009=<\/jats:italic> 0.01), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.01), and liver steatosis (<jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic> 0.01) in the treatment phase.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, spinach extract showed beneficial effects in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD. \u00a9 2019 Society of Chemical Industry<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.10215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,18]],"date-time":"2019-12-18T00:43:48Z","timestamp":1576629828000},"page":"1787-1796","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["The effects of hydroalcoholic extract of spinach on prevention 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