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This study tested the effects of maternal uridine (UR) supplementation during late pregnancy and lactation of sows on the immune function of the small intestine in neonatal and suckling piglets.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results showed that compared to the control group, maternal dietary UR supplementation significantly decreased incidence of diarrhea in suckling piglets (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01); and increased both duodenal and ileal average villus height (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) as well as villus height\/crypt depth in ileum (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.017) in neonatal piglets. RT\u2010qPCR results showed that maternal UR supplementation decreased mRNA expression of <jats:italic>claudin\u20101<\/jats:italic> in jejunum and ileum of neonatal piglets (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), while significantly increased mRNA expression of <jats:italic>claudin\u20101<\/jats:italic> in duodenum and jejunum of suckling piglets. Furthermore, in suckling piglets, maternal dietary UR supplementation increased mRNA expression of <jats:italic>IL\u20106<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL\u20108<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>IL\u20101\u03b2<\/jats:italic> in duodenum, jejunum and ileum (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), increased <jats:italic>IL\u201010<\/jats:italic> expression in both jejunal and ileal mucosa (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and increased mRNA expression of <jats:italic>IKB<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>TLR4<\/jats:italic> in ileal mucosa (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results suggest that maternal dietary supplementation with UR contributed to reducing incidence of diarrhea by regulating cytokine secretion and intestinal mucosal barrier function in suckling piglets. \u00a9 2020 Society of Chemical Industry<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.10410","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,5]],"date-time":"2020-04-05T04:04:49Z","timestamp":1586059489000},"page":"3709-3718","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Maternal dietary uridine supplementation reduces diarrhea incidence in piglets by regulating the intestinal mucosal barrier and cytokine profiles"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"100","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9225-5574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biological Resources Jiangxi Academy of Sciences  Nanchang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agro\u2010Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry 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