{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T22:27:34Z","timestamp":1790893654738,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002865","name":"Chongqing Science and Technology Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["jbky20190019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["jbky20190019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002865","name":"Chongqing Science and Technology Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["cstc2018jscx\u2010mszd0058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["cstc2018jscx\u2010mszd0058"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016834","name":"Chongqing Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016834","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Sci Food Agric"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cyclophosphamide (CTX) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of malignant tumors and autoimmune diseases. However, it can cause immunosuppression and damage the intestinal mucosa. The development of new agents to counteract these side effects is becoming increasingly important. Previous studies have shown that the polysaccharides from\n                      <jats:italic>Gastrodia elata<\/jats:italic>\n                      (GEPs) have strong immune\u2010enhancing effects; however, their functions regarding the intestines and the underlying mechanism are still unclear. In this study, the effects of GEPs on immunomodulatory activity, intestinal barrier function, and gut microbiota regulation were investigated in a mouse model of CTX\u2010induced immunosuppression.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Gastrodia elata<\/jats:italic>\n                      polysaccharides attenuated the CTX\u2010induced decrease in organ indices of the thymus and spleen, and promoted the secretion of immune\u2010related cytokines and immunoglobulins in the serum. They also improved the intestinal pathology and restored the intestinal barrier function by elevating the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins, occludin and ZO\u20101. Moreover, GEPs restored the composition and abundance of the gut microbiota and increased the short\u2010chain fatty acid (SCFA) content in the colon. The abundance of SCFA\u2010producing bacteria (Muribaculaceae, Prevotellaceae, and Bacteroidaceae) also increased.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Gastrodia elata<\/jats:italic>\n                      polysaccharides can effectively alleviate immunosuppression and regulate the intestinal barrier integrity and the structure of gut microbiota in CTX\u2010treated mice. They may be used as ingredients to develop functional foods for intestinal health. \u00a9 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.12491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,8]],"date-time":"2023-02-08T21:34:32Z","timestamp":1675892072000},"page":"3390-3401","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Effects of polysaccharides from\n                    <i>Gastrodia elata<\/i>\n                    on the immunomodulatory activity and gut microbiota regulation in cyclophosphamide\u2010treated mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Na","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University  Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1389-6446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xingjian","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University  Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiuyu","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yilong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanfeng","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2009.146"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2018.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2021.117876"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14081703"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8870148"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11094-017-1584-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfpp.13016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2016.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules22071137"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carres.2007.06.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.00024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/309261"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24132436"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.177"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2011.06.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2012.04.221"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","first-page":"1027","article-title":"Effect of polysaccharide from gastrodia Elata B1 on humoral immune function in immunosuppressed mice induced by cyclophosphamide","volume":"36","author":"XiaoBing L","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin J Gerontol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.157"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26154443"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Akkermansia muciniphila plays critical roles in host health","volume":"2022","author":"Zhao Q","year":"2022","journal-title":"Crit Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","first-page":"1246","article-title":"Lacticaseibacillus paracasei: occurrence in the human gut microbiota and K\u2010Mer\u2010based assessment of intraspecies diversity","volume":"11","author":"Frolova M","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","first-page":"21","article-title":"Research on polysaccharide content from gastrodia elat of Dejiang in different processing method","volume":"17","author":"Gangfeng L","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Ind"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"Comparison of the effective ingredients of fresh gastrodia elata and its different processed products","volume":"21","author":"Wenwen T","year":"2021","journal-title":"Jiangxi Chem Ind"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","first-page":"25","article-title":"The Bradford method for protein quantitation","volume":"3","author":"Hammond JB","year":"1988","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Removeal of protein\u2010Sevag method","volume":"5","author":"Staub A M","year":"1965","journal-title":"Methods Carbohydr Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2007.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","first-page":"246","article-title":"Effect of soluble polysaccharide PGEB\u20103\u2010H from gastrodia elata blume on scopolamine\u2010induced learning and memory disorders in mice","volume":"31","author":"Jian M","year":"2010","journal-title":"Food Sci Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","first-page":"1027","article-title":"Effect of polysaccharide from gastrodia elata on humoral immune function in immunosuppressed mice induced by cyclophosphamide","volume":"36","author":"Li X\u2010B","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin J Gerontol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","first-page":"314","article-title":"Establishment of an immunosuppressive animal model induced by cyclophosphamide in mice","volume":"21","author":"Gao P","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Environ Occup Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201900943"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(79)90745-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12020381"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.706331"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","first-page":"146","article-title":"Effect of different extraction methods on the extraction ratio and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from gastrodia elata Bl","volume":"33","author":"Qing W","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Mach"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2014.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4FO00567H"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.595700"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8FO01946K"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00851-21"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-021-02201-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.1785"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12726"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jsfa.12491","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jsfa.12491","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jsfa.12491","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T14:15:00Z","timestamp":1760883300000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jsfa.12491"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jsfa.12491"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jsfa.12491","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-5142","1097-0010"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-5142","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0010","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-09-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-02-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-02-24","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}