{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T04:28:49Z","timestamp":1787286529946,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]],"date-time":"2023-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31871810"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31871810"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Sci Food Agric"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Astaxanthin is a type of food\u2010derived active ingredient with antioxidant, antidiabetic and non\u2010toxicity functions, but its poor solubility and low bioavailability hinder further application in food industry. In the present study, through inclusion technologies, micellar solubilization and electrospray techniques, we prepared astaxanthin nanoparticles before optimizing the formulation to regulate the physical and chemical properties of micelles. We accomplished the preparation of astaxanthin nanoparticle delivery system based on single needle electrospray technology through use of 2\u2010hydroxypropyl\u2010\u03b2\u2010cyclodextrin and Soluplus\u00ae to improveme the release behavior of the nanocarrier.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Through this experiment, we successfully prepared astaxanthin nanoparticles with a particle size of approximately 80\u2009nm, which was further verified with scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, the encapsulation of astaxanthin molecules into the carrier nanoparticles was verified via the results of attenuated total reflectance intensity and X\u2010ray powder diffraction techniques. The <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> release behavior of astaxanthin nanoparticles was different in media that contained 0.5% Tween 80 (pH\u00a01.2, 4.5 and 6.8) buffer solution and distilled water. Also, we carried out a pharmacokinetic study of astaxanthin nanoparticles, in which it was observed that astaxanthin nanoparticle showed an effect of immediate release and significant improved bioavailability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>2\u2010hydroxypropyl\u2010\u03b2\u2010cyclodextrin and Soluplus\u00ae were used in the present study as a hydrophilic nanocarrier that could provide a simple way of encapsulating natural function food with repsect to improving the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water\u2010soluble ingredients. \u00a9 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.12527","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,25]],"date-time":"2023-02-25T05:29:23Z","timestamp":1677302963000},"page":"3628-3637","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Preparation and evaluation of astaxanthin\u2010loaded 2\u2010hydroxypropyl\u2010beta\u2010cyclodextrin and Soluplus\u00ae nanoparticles based on electrospray technology"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Xue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug\/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering Jiangsu University  Zhenjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youwu","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug\/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering Jiangsu University  Zhenjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiqiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug\/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering Jiangsu University  Zhenjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug\/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering Jiangsu University  Zhenjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengqing","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug\/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering Jiangsu University  Zhenjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Adu\u2010Frimpong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Sciences, School of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences (CKT\u2010UTAS)  Navrongo Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiangnan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug\/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering Jiangsu University  Zhenjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ximing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug\/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering Jiangsu University  Zhenjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugh D. C","family":"Smyth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Molecular Pharmaceutics &amp; Drug Delivery The University of Texas at Austin  Austin TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4309-3967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug\/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering Jiangsu University  Zhenjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.algal.2019.101596"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10637-009-9342-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2008.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules17022030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acthis.2021.151832"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2020.128497"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.23216"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2022.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2020.109244"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2009.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12540-014-5024-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2021.120799"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2021.120942"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scriptamat.2020.05.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2017.03.113"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2015.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2013.04.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2020.106208"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2013.01.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2009.10.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2021.120233"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2017.09.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2020.128969"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","unstructured":"Tirumaleshand N and Chowdary K Enhancement of Solubility and Dissolution rate of telmisartan employing beta\u2010cyclodextrin and Soluplus\u2010A factorial study Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences4:2095\u20132099 (2017)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejlt.201300261"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2022.113727"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","first-page":"213","article-title":"Novel electrosprayed nanospherules for enhanced aqueous solubility and oral bioavailability of poorly water\u2010soluble fenofibrate","volume":"11","author":"Yousaf AM","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Nanomedicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2021.102357"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fpc.2022.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfcoat.2022.128933"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12010-013-0666-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2017.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2021.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-022-02263-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2019.04.058"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2022.122292"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2017.08.083"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2018.07.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2014.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2013.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.078"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.11435"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2023.168882"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2016.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2019.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.partic.2018.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.06.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2012.05.091"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.supflu.2018.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules17056056"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2018.04.084"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2012.03.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.170"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2018.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molliq.2021.116881"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2018.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molliq.2020.114798"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2014.10.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mpaic.2020.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2020.101840"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2019.02.039"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jsfa.12527","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jsfa.12527","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jsfa.12527","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T14:15:08Z","timestamp":1760883308000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jsfa.12527"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jsfa.12527"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jsfa.12527","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-5142","1097-0010"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-5142","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0010","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-10-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-02-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-03-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}