{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T10:01:32Z","timestamp":1791021692790,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Sci Food Agric"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The pervasive presence of plastic packaging has led to significant environmental contamination due to excessive reliance on petrochemicals and the inherent non\u2010biodegradability of these materials. Bacterial cellulose (BC) films present a viable alternative for food packaging applications, owing to their environmentally friendly synthesis process, non\u2010toxic nature, robust mechanical strength, and biodegradability. However, the high hygroscopicity of such bio\u2010based materials has limited their widespread adoption, as it results in diminished strength and barrier properties. In this study, a novel approach for creating edible, transparent, robust, and high\u2010barrier BC\u2010based composite packaging was proposed through biosynthesis with the incorporation of soy protein isolate and the physical interpenetration of calcium alginate\u2010polyethylene glycol as a composite coating.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The finding demonstrated that the synthesized bio\u2010based composite material exhibits stability in water, high optical transparency, complete oil resistance, and full degradability within 1 to 2 months. Furthermore, the composite material displayed enhanced mechanical properties in both dry and wet conditions, with a tensile strength of approximately 84\u2009MPa, outperforming commercially available kraft paper and low\u2010density polyethylene.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Soy protein isolate established a rigid, coherent, and homogeneous network with BC fibrils, thereby augmenting mechanical properties. Calcium alginate can be effectively combined with BC, utilizing polyethylene glycol as a binder and plasticizer, to generate a densely packed structure with reduced hygroscopicity. This bio\u2010based composite material demonstrated considerable potential for application in food packaging and other value\u2010added sectors as a substitute for non\u2010degradable plastics. \u00a9 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.12758","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T02:50:43Z","timestamp":1685587843000},"page":"6625-6639","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Edible, strong, and low\u2010hygroscopic bacterial cellulose derived from biosynthesis and physical modification for food packaging"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Ka Man","family":"Cheung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong Shatin 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