{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T22:59:20Z","timestamp":1791845960569,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695945600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005621","name":"Kasetsart University Research and Development Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FF[KU]23.64"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FF[KU]23.64"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Sci Food Agric"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vitexin, a flavonoid in various foods and medicinal plants, has potential clinical, therapeutic and food applications due to its bioactive properties and beneficial health effects. However, its poor water solubility causes low oral bioavailability and poor absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, limiting its practical applications. Encapsulation is an efficient approach to overcome these limitations. This study demonstrates the encapsulation of vitexin into poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether\u2010grafted chitosan (mPEG\u2010<jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\u2010CTS)\/alginate (ALG) polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The vitexin\u2010loaded mPEG\u2010<jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\u2010CTS\/ALG nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet\u2013visible spectroscopy and X\u2010ray diffraction. The vitexin\u2010loaded mPEG\u2010<jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\u2010CTS\/ALG nanoparticles had a spherical shape, 50\u2013200\u2009nm in diameter, and negatively charged surface (\u221227 to \u221238\u2009mV). They possessed a loading capacity of 4\u201360%, encapsulation efficiency of 50\u2013100% and antioxidant activity (30\u201352% 2,2\u2010diphenyl\u20101\u2010picrylhydrazyl decoloration) when their initial vitexin content was 0.02\u20130.64\u2009g\u2009g<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> polymers. Successful vitexin loading into mPEG\u2010<jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\u2010CTS\/ALG nanoparticles was also indirectly confirmed by the enhanced thermal stability of both polymers and the residual soybean oil used in the emulsion preparation step and delayed oxidative degradation of the residual soybean oil. Vitexin's <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> release from the mPEG\u2010<jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\u2010CTS\/ALG nanoparticles was very fast in phosphate buffer at pH\u200911, followed by pH\u20097, and very slow in acetate buffer at pH\u20093. The gastrointestinal digestion of vitexin increased by encapsulating into mPEG\u2010<jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\u2010CTS\/ALG nanoparticles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vitexin\u2010loaded mPEG\u2010<jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\u2010CTS\/ALG nanoparticles were successfully fabricated using a two\u2010step process of oil\u2010in\u2010water emulsion and ionic gelation without the use of pungent odor acids and other crosslinkers. The obtained nanoparticles are suitable for oral intestinal\u2010specific delivery systems. \u00a9 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.12984","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]],"date-time":"2023-09-14T15:30:15Z","timestamp":1694705415000},"page":"956-966","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Vitexin\u2010loaded poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether\u2010grafted chitosan\/alginate nanoparticles: preparation, physicochemical properties and <i>in vitro<\/i> release behaviors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5115-1082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rangrong","family":"Yoksan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro\u2010Industry Kasetsart University  Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"Center for Advanced Studies for 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