{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T18:16:54Z","timestamp":1788545814311,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696464000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Sci Food Agric"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lianhua Qingwen capsule is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula having antiviral and anti\u2010inflammatory activities. During capsule production, a large amount of byproducts will be yielded and disposed of as waste by burying. Resourceful utilization of these kinds of TCM byproducts as feed additives through stage\u2010based co\u2010fermentation using enzyme and probiotics could reduce environmental stress and resource shortage. The <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> characterization and the supplementary effects of fermented TCM byproducts (FTCM) for weaned piglets (initial body weight: 7.23\u2009\u00b1\u20090.33\u2009kg; dose: basal diet\u2009+\u2009300\u2009mg\u2009kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> FTCM) were investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Higher reducing sugar content, total flavonoid content, flavonoid compounds (e.g. tectoridin, tricetin, flavone, apigenin, naringenin) and total antioxidant activity were determined in the FTCM compared to spontaneously fermented and unfermented materials. Supplementation of the FTCM to piglets did not significantly affect the feed intake, body weight gain and feed\/gain ratio, but significantly decreased a proinflammatory cytokine, IL\u20108, and increased intestinal total antioxidant activity (TAC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Moreover, FTCM supplementation increased <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\u2010diversity of the colonic microbiota accompanied with increased abundance of <jats:italic>Prevotella<\/jats:italic> genus and <jats:italic>Treponema berlinense<\/jats:italic> species. Correlation analysis indicates that <jats:italic>T. berlinense<\/jats:italic> is responsible for the decreased IL\u20108 level and enhanced intestinal TAC and SOD activities which might be mediated by a homoserine lactone molecule (3\u2010oxo\u2010C14).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, the stepwise co\u2010fermentation enriched bioactive compounds within the TCM byproducts and their dietary supplementation did not generate any side effect on growth performance but displayed beneficial effects on enrichment of potential probiotic <jats:italic>T. berlinense<\/jats:italic> and relevant functions. \u00a9 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.13002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T13:43:35Z","timestamp":1695476615000},"page":"1166-1177","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Stepwise co\u2010fermented traditional Chinese medicine byproducts improve antioxidant and anti\u2010inflammatory effects in a piglet model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9756-3517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaimin","family":"Niu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biological Resources Jiangxi Academy of Sciences  Nanchang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haoyang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Tianjin China"},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Tianjin Agricultural University  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3499-3330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soo\u2010Ki","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science and Technology Konkuk University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teketay","family":"Wassie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory of Agro\u2010Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences  Changsha 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