{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T10:29:38Z","timestamp":1772706578658,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]],"date-time":"2023-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004508","name":"Prince of Songkla University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AGR\u20106601323S"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AGR\u20106601323S"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004508","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Sci Food Agric"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>The development of a safe and effective iron supplement is important for the treatment of iron\u2010deficient anemia. Therefore, the crude hemeprotein extract (CHPE) from Asian seabass gills was\u00a0extracted without (CON) and with ultrasound (US)\u2010assisted process, followed by freeze\u2010drying. The resulting freeze\u2010dried crude hemeprotein extract (FDCHPE) powders were determined for trace mineral content, color, secondary structure, protein pattern, size distribution, volatile compounds, and amino acid composition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The extraction yields of CON\u2010FDCHPE and US\u2010FDCHPE were 6.76% and 13.65%, respectively. Highest heme iron (0.485\u2009mg\/mL) and non\u2010heme iron (0.023\u2009mg\/mL) contents were found when US at 70% amplitude for 10\u2009min (US 70\/10) was applied. Both CON\u2010FDCHPE and US\u2010FDCHPE had no heavy metals, but higher iron content (432.8\u2009mg\/kg) was found in US\u2010FDCHPE (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Typical red color was observed in CON\u2010FDCHPE and US\u2010FDCHPE with <jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic>*\u2010values of 9.72 and 10.60, respectively. Ultrasonication affected protein structure, in which \u03b2\u2010sheet upsurged, whereas random coil, \u03b1\u2010helix, and \u03b2\u2010turn were reduced. Protein pattern confirmed that both samples had myoglobin as the major protein. US\u2010FDCHPE also showed a higher abundance of volatile compounds, especially propanal, hexanal, heptanal, and so forth, compared to CON\u2010FDCHPE. Amino acid composition of US\u2010FDCHPE was comparable to Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) values.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, FDCHPE extracted using ultrasonication could be safe and effective for fortification in food products as an iron supplement to alleviate iron\u2010deficient anemia. Additionally, gills as leftovers could be better exploited rather than being disposed. \u00a9 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.13121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,13]],"date-time":"2023-11-13T00:03:48Z","timestamp":1699833828000},"page":"2326-2335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Characteristics and molecular properties of crude hemeproteins extracted from <scp>Asian<\/scp> seabass gills using an ultrasound\u2010assisted process"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Umesh","family":"Patil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro\u2010Industry Prince of Songkla University  Songkhla 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