{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T18:55:15Z","timestamp":1784660115901,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]],"date-time":"2023-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31801568"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31801568"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006606","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22JCYBJC01090"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22JCYBJC01090"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006606","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Sci Food Agric"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the commonest global nutritional deficiency diseases, and the low bioavailability of iron is a key contributing factor. The peptide\u2010iron complex could be used as a novel iron supplement to improve iron bioavailability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, antioxidant low molecular weight (&lt;3\u2009kDa) phosvitin peptide (named PP\u20104) was separated to prepare a phosvitin peptide\u2010ferrous complex (named PP\u20104\u2010Fe); then the structural conformation of PP\u20104\u2010Fe was characterized and its bioavailability by <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> digestion was evaluated. The results showed that PP\u20104 had good ferrous\u2010binding activity with 96.14\u2009\u00b1\u20092.86\u2009\u03bcg Fe<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> mg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, and had a strong antioxidant effect with 995.61\u2009\u00b1\u200979.75\u2009\u03bcmol TE mg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> in 2,2'\u2010azinobis'3\u2010ethylbenzothiazoline\u20106\u2010sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 62.3\u2009\u00b1\u20093.95\u2009\u03bcmol FeSO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> mg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> in ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). After ferrous binding, the FRAP activity of PP\u20104\u2010Fe, enhanced by 1.8 times, formed a more ordered structure with an increase in <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\u2010helix and decrease in <jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>\u2010random coil. The ferrous binding sites of PP\u20104 involved were the amino, carboxyl, imidazole, and phosphate groups. The PP\u20104\u2010Fe complex displayed excellent gastrointestinal stability and antioxidant effects during digestion. The iron dialysis percentage of PP\u20104\u2010Fe was 74.59%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.68%, and increased to 81.10%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.89% with the addition of 0.25 times vitamin C (VC). This indicated that PP\u20104\u2010Fe displayed excellent bioavailability and VC in sufficient quantities had a synergistic effect on improving bioavailability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study demonstrated that antioxidant phosvitin peptide was an efficient delivery system to protect ferrous ions and suggested that the phosvitin peptide\u2010ferrous complex has strong potential as a ferrous supplement. \u00a9 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.13200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T11:23:37Z","timestamp":1702034617000},"page":"3090-3099","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Preparation, characterization, and bioavailability evaluation of antioxidant phosvitin peptide\u2010ferrous 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