{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T16:44:35Z","timestamp":1790181875822,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]],"date-time":"2024-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Sci Food Agric"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tannic acid (TA), a naturally occurring polyphenol, has shown diverse potential in preventing intestinal damage in piglet diarrhea induced by <jats:italic>Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> (ETEC) K88. However, the protective effect of TA on ETEC k88 infection\u2010induced post\u2010weaning diarrhea and its potential mechanism has not been well elucidated. Therefore, an animal trial was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with TA on the intestinal diarrhea of weaned piglets challenged with ETEC K88. In addition, porcine intestinal epithelial cells were used as an in vitro model to explore the mechanism through which TA alleviates intestinal oxidative damage and inflammation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results indicated that TA supplementation (2 and 4 g\u2009kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) reduced diarrhea rate, enzyme activity (diamine oxidase [DAO] and Malondialdehyde [MAD]) and serum inflammatory cytokines concentration (<jats:italic>TNF\u2010\u03b1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>IL\u20101\u03b2<\/jats:italic>) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) compared to the Infection group (IG), group <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>, TA treatment effectively alleviated ETEC\u2010induced cytotoxicity, increased the expression of <jats:italic>ZO\u20101<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>occludin<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>claudin\u20101<\/jats:italic> at both mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, TA pre\u2010treatment increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes (such as T\u2010SOD) and decreased serum cytokine levels (<jats:italic>TNF\u2010\u03b1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>IL\u20101\u03b2<\/jats:italic>). Furthermore, TA increased cellular antioxidant capacity by activating the <jats:italic>Nrf2<\/jats:italic> signaling pathway and decreased inflammatory response by down\u2010regulating the expression of <jats:italic>TLR4<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>MyD88<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>NF\u2010kB<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>NLRP3<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study showed that TA reduced the diarrhea rate of weaned piglets by restoring the intestinal mucosal mechanical barrier function, alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation. The underlying mechanism was achieved by modulating the <jats:italic>p62\u2010keap1\u2010Nrf2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>TLR4\u2010NF\u2010\u03baB\u2010NLRP3<\/jats:italic> pathway. \u00a9 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.13343","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T07:29:31Z","timestamp":1706599771000},"page":"5186-5196","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Tannic acid alleviates <scp>ETEC K88<\/scp>\u2010induced intestinal damage through regulating the <scp>p62\u2010keap1\u2010Nrf2<\/scp> and <scp>TLR4\u2010NF\u2010\u03baB\u2010NLRP3<\/scp> pathway in <scp>IPEC\u2010J2<\/scp> cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2350-4247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenhui","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Northwest A&amp;F University  Yangling China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kangkang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Northwest A&amp;F University  Yangling China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-020-00496-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2014.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29219\/fnr.v65.3448"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Bacillus licheniformis PF9 improves barrier function and alleviates inflammatory responses against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F4 infection in the porcine intestinal epithelial cells","volume":"13","author":"Li Q","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Anim Sci Biotechno"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2011.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4050327"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.6b04299"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113719"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejlt.201100304"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.1012207"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113561"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.1033022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-021-03261-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2021.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13987"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2021.109034"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2011.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","first-page":"779","article-title":"Lactobacillus salivarius alleviates inflammation via NF\u2010\u03baB signaling in ETEC K88\u2010induced IPEC\u2010J2 cells","volume":"2","author":"Qiao J","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Anim Sci Biotechno"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2013.09.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2020.107819"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jnatprod.0c00776"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","first-page":"687","article-title":"A review of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection in piglets: public health importance","volume":"11","author":"Hartadi EB","year":"2020","journal-title":"System Rev Pharm"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/sky404.1048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/jam2016-0925"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0197878"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2017.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2010.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skaa112"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2022.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.771826"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2019.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2022.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2FO00298A"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.1c03751"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2017.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","first-page":"36","article-title":"Bacteria and host interactions in the gut epithelial barrier","volume":"8","author":"Ashida H","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.109883"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9FO01718F"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2009.124"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.02.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2022.108679"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2020.104274"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2FO02523J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2004.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2018.08.096"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.2c04354"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1FO00155H"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jsfa.13343","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T13:39:58Z","timestamp":1760881198000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jsfa.13343"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jsfa.13343"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jsfa.13343","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-5142","1097-0010"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-5142","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0010","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-08-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-30","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-02-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}