{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T19:32:33Z","timestamp":1792524753763,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]],"date-time":"2024-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Sci Food Agric"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Allergic conjunctivitis is one of the most common eye disorders. Different drugs are used for its treatment. Hesperidin is an active substance isolated from <jats:italic>Citrus sinensis<\/jats:italic> L. (Rutaceae) fruit peels, with known anti\u2010inflammatory activity but low solubility. It was complexed with cyclodextrin and encapsulated <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> gel to extend its duration in the eye.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The optimized formulation comprised 1% hesperidin, 1.5% hydroxyethyl cellulose, and 16% poloxamer 407. The viscosity at 25\u2009\u00b0C was 492\u2009\u00b1\u200982 cP, and at 35\u2009\u00b0C it was 8875\u2009\u00b1\u2009248 cP, the pH was 7.01\u2009\u00b1\u20090.03, gelation temperature was 34\u2009\u00b1\u20091.3\u2009\u00b0C, and gelation time was 33\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2\u2009s. There was a 66% <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> release in the initial 2\u2009h, with a burst effect. A lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition test determined that hesperidin was active at high doses on leukotyrens seen in the body in allergic diseases. In cell\u2010culture studies, the hesperidin cyclodextrin complex loaded <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> gel, BRN9\u2010CD (poloxamer 16%, hydroxy ethyl cellulose (HEC) 1.5%), enhanced cell viability in comparison with the hesperidin solution. It was determined that BRN9\u2010CD did not cause any irritation in the ocular tissues in the Draize test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings of this study demonstrate the potential of the <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> gel formulation of hesperidin in terms of ease of application and residence time on the ocular surface. Due to its notable LOX inhibition activity and positive outcomes in the <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> Draize test, it appears promising for incorporation into pharmaceutical formulations. \u00a9 2024 The Authors. <jats:italic>Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture<\/jats:italic> published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.13407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]],"date-time":"2024-02-22T09:51:53Z","timestamp":1708595513000},"page":"5846-5859","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Formulation of hesperidin\u2010loaded <i>in situ<\/i> gel for ocular drug delivery: a comprehensive 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