{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T20:03:21Z","timestamp":1789502601509,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]],"date-time":"2024-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Sci Food Agric"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mercuric chloride (HgCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) is poisonous to humans and animals and typically damages the nervous system and other organs. Mercuric chloride exposition disclosed to initiation of oxidative stress pathway can result in a defect in male fertility and testis tissue. Synthesized selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were characterized with a diameter range minimal than 100\u2009nm, having the effective sets of the biological matter. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of biosynthesized SeNPs, prepared by leek extract on Wistar rats' testicles and brain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010five Wistar male rats (120\u2013150\u2009g) were randomly split into five groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20097), orally ingested with leek aqueous extract loaded on SeNPs, and then the animals were administered with mercury II chloride (HgCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) to induce testis injury and damage the nervous system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The used dose of mercuric chloride led to oxidative stress damage in the testis of the rats which was evidenced by a decrease in testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle\u2010stimulating hormone (FSH) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) levels, and an increase in nuclear factor\u2010kappa B (NF\u2010\u03baB) and caspase\u20103. Also, HgCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> decreased the levels of dopamine (DA), serotonin (5\u2010HT), norepinephrine (NE) and brain\u2010derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the brains of rats. In addition, A decrease was observed in the levels of antioxidant markers, B\u2010cell lymphoma\u20102 (Bcl\u20102), as well as an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), NF\u2010\u03baB, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010\u03b1, interleukin (IL)\u20101\u03b2 and Bax in both testes and brains. Pre\u2010treatment with leek extract loaded on SeNPs significantly ameliorated testosterone, LH, FSH, PCNA and caspase\u20103 levels in the testis and DA, 5\u2010HT, NE and BDNF in brains. Although the contents of MDA, NO, TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b2, NF\u2010\u03baB and Bax decreased significantly in both. glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, catalase, superoxide dismutase and Bcl\u20102 levels were significantly improved in both organs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings suggest that treatment with aqueous leek extract loaded on SeNPs may offer promising prospects for the advancement of anti\u2010inflammation activity against testis injury and also have a very key role in neurobehavioral alterations as a result of mercury toxicity. \u00a9 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.13733","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]],"date-time":"2024-07-12T03:20:58Z","timestamp":1720754458000},"page":"9062-9075","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Leek 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