{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T11:26:13Z","timestamp":1782732373512,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]],"date-time":"2025-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749254400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Sci Food Agric"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Osteoporosis is a major public health challenge and innovative dietary strategies are needed to support bone health.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to develop a functional food by promoting osteogenesis through the synergistic effects of compound plant extracts (CPE) and <jats:italic>Lactobacillus plantarum<\/jats:italic>. First, it was determined that CPE could promote the growth, metabolic activity, biofilm formation, calcium enrichment, and antioxidant properties of <jats:italic>L. plantarum<\/jats:italic>, improving the bioavailability of calcium. Cell experiments showed that the combined application of CPE and <jats:italic>L. plantarum<\/jats:italic> (CPEL) significantly promoted the proliferation, differentiation, and extracellular matrix mineralization of MC3T3\u2010E1 cells. Mechanistically, CPEL activated the Wnt\/<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010catenin and BMP2\/Smad signaling pathways, which are essential for bone formation. The multi\u2010omics integration of metabolomics and molecular docking revealed key metabolic changes, particularly in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolic pathways, contributing to enhanced osteogenic activity. Molecular docking also clarified the strong binding interactions between differential metabolites (leucine, salicylic acid, and fumaric acid) and osteogenic targets, providing new insights into plant component\u2013microbe synergy in functional food development.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>The combined application of CPE and <jats:italic>L. plantarum<\/jats:italic> could promote bone formation through multiple targets and pathways. These findings highlight the potential of plant extract\u2013probiotic synergy in developing functional foods for bone health, offering a promising dietary strategy to prevent osteoporosis. \u00a9 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.14412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]],"date-time":"2025-06-07T06:20:32Z","timestamp":1749277232000},"page":"7004-7018","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Synergistic effects of compound plant extracts and <i>Lactobacillus plantarum<\/i> on osteogenesis: prebiotic potential and mechanistic insights from metabolomics and molecular docking"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"105","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1293-1406","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingjie","family":"Jia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science Northeast Forestry University  Harbin People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3800-0973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiayuan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science Northeast Forestry University  Harbin People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yihong","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science Northeast Forestry University  Harbin People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province  Harbin People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4798-0520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Province Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute  Changchun People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3646-7820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yangyang","family":"Chai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science Northeast Forestry University  Harbin People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province  Harbin People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fangfei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science Northeast Forestry University  Harbin People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province  Harbin People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shilong","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Company Limited  Beijing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinggang","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Company Limited  Beijing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fshw.2023.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fshw.2022.07.066"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/8510842"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2015.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29219\/fnr.v67.9064"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26599\/fshw.2022.9250001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.0c05260"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c9fo00926d"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2022.102310"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.13944"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2023.120725"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b14-00567"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2024.142447"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.16474"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16152524"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2024.114720"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2024.104045"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/fermentation10010039"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d1fo02583j"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2023.137365"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d3fo03125j"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116399"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115333"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.125534"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2020.109763"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.960228"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.113999"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.1c06028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.726831"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-022-02949-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23116187"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2022.111993"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24087388"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2019.110778"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4321"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.5693"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22094717"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2018.09.235"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115467"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201900201RR"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2024.141470"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15061376"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000038168"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0067504"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf2040675"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.117501"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2013.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22052483"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.07.058"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jsfa.14412","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T08:35:28Z","timestamp":1758011728000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jsfa.14412"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jsfa.14412"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jsfa.14412","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-5142","1097-0010"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-5142","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0010","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-03-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}