{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T17:05:58Z","timestamp":1761843958212,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,12]],"date-time":"2010-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1263254400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"NSFC","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["20671044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20671044"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Young Food Scientist Research Award of Jiangnan University","award":["FS-200810"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FS-200810"]}]},{"name":"Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University","award":["PCSIRT0627"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PCSIRT0627"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Sci Food Agric"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:bold> \u03b3\u2010Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an important bioactive regulator, and its biosynthesis is primarily through the \u03b1\u2010decarboxylation of glutamate by glutamate decarboxylase (GAD). In plants, it was verified that the production of GABA is regulated, in part, via Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\/calmodulin (CaM). Our preliminary studies showed that rice bran GAD is probably also a Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\/CaM dependent enzyme; hence, in the current investigation, we purified calmodulin from rice bran, and studied the effect of the Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\/calmodulin complex on the activity of rice bran GAD <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold> CaM was purified to homogeneity from the rice bran by a combined protocol involving TCA precipitation, heat treatment, and hydrophobic interaction chromatography, with the purification fold and recovery of 851.7 and 55.6%, respectively. This protein had similar amino acid composition as the CaMs from other higher plants. The rice bran GAD was found to be quite sensitive to the Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\/CaM complex at pH 7.0, and addition of exogenous EGTA or TFP efficiently inhibited the stimulatory effect of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\/CaM complex. At a separate concentration of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> and CaM of 200 \u00b5mol L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> and 150 nmol L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, the rice bran GAD was significantly enhanced 3\u2010fold. Moreover, upon binding Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>, CaM underwent a conformational change that facilitated a more obvious emergency of phenylalanine and tyrosine residues.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:bold> This investigation provided preliminary information for the development of a GABA\u2010based, cost\u2010effective rice bran GAD\u2010related functional food. Copyright \u00a9 2010 Society of Chemical Industry<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.3866","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,12]],"date-time":"2010-01-12T18:40:35Z","timestamp":1263321635000},"page":"669-675","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Purification of calmodulin from rice bran and activation of glutamate decarboxylase by Ca<sup>2+<\/sup>\/calmodulin"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Guo Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(69)90132-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","first-page":"191","article-title":"L\u2010glutamate decarboxylase. A survey on the regulation and possible function in different organism","volume":"27","author":"Cozzani I","year":"1973","journal-title":"Acta Vitamin Enzymol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jctb.1880"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5264\/eiyogakuzashi.50.285"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.58.2291"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3136\/nskkk.46.323"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1360-1385(98)01284-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/352524a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.arplant.49.1.697"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.6.8.1135"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)36560-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.108.2.543"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00020887"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erg210"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2007.03.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pca.2800020603"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.8.4148"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:BIOP.0000024275.66196.d9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(00)81476-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.89.2.501"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.75.2.382"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.73.3.666"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00566a015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(88)80131-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","first-page":"375","article-title":"The colorimetric determination of phosphorus","volume":"65","author":"Fiske CH","year":"1926","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","first-page":"50","article-title":"Determination of gamma\u2010aminobutyric acid in rice germ by HPLC with automatic pre\u2010column derivation and UV detection","volume":"29","author":"Zhang H","year":"2003","journal-title":"Food Ferment Ind"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2007.00901.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2795(80)90254-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00554a043"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)68108-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2006.04.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1985.tb08987.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(97)00236-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3136\/nskkk.47.596"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjsfa.3866","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjsfa.3866","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jsfa.3866","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T08:34:56Z","timestamp":1760862896000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jsfa.3866"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,12]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jsfa.3866"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jsfa.3866","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-5142","1097-0010"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0022-5142"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1097-0010"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2009-08-31","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2009-11-17","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2010-01-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}