{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T15:12:21Z","timestamp":1790435541631,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,4]],"date-time":"2011-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1312416000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Sci Food Agric"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:bold> Quantitative data about phytoavailability and transfer into consumed plant parts for heavy metals in intensively managed urban vegetable production areas of sub\u2010Saharan Africa are scarce. We therefore studied the transfer of zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) from soil to the root and subsequent translocation to edible portions of four vegetables in six urban gardens.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold> While respective diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)\u2010available Zn and Cd concentrations ranged from 18 to 66 mg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> and from 0.19 to 0.35 mg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, respectively, in soils, total Zn and Cd were 8.4\u2013256 mg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> and 0.04\u20131.7 mg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> in shoot parts. Metal transfer factor (MTF) ratios were higher in Zn (0.2\u20130.9) than in Cd (0.1\u20130.6). Our data suggest that total Zn concentration in soil is a reliable indicator to assess its transfer from soil to crop in lettuce, carrot and parsley, while for Cd DTPA\u2010extractable concentration may be used to estimate soil\u2013crop transfer of Cd in amaranthus and carrot. Overall, Cd was more easily translocated to the aerial plant parts than Zn.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:bold> Zinc and Cd accumulation by vegetables in our soils is mainly a metabolically controlled process. Such accumulation can contaminate the ecosystem but under our conditions intake and ingestion of these metals will likely have to occur over a prolonged period to experience health hazard. Copyright \u00a9 2011 Society of Chemical Industry<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.4583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,4]],"date-time":"2011-08-04T12:04:51Z","timestamp":1312459491000},"page":"2722-2730","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Phytoavailability, human risk assessment and transfer characteristics of cadmium and zinc contamination from urban gardens in Kano, Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Nafiu","family":"Abdu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John O","family":"Agbenin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Buerkert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","volume-title":"Guidelines for water reuse","author":"USEPA","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10705-009-9315-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ldr.571"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2006.03.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","volume-title":"Use of untreated wastewater in peri\u2010urban agriculture in Pakistan: risk and opportunities","author":"Ensink JHJ","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","volume-title":"Urban wastewater: a valuable resource for agriculture. 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