{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T14:25:28Z","timestamp":1791210328880,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,17]],"date-time":"2013-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1371427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Sci Food Agric"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>\n                        The carotenoids and chlorophyll a of\n                        <jats:italic>Laminaria japonica<\/jats:italic>\n                        Aresch were extracted using ethanol\u2010modified subcritical 1,1,1,2\u2010tetrafluoroethane (R134a). In the present study, the effects of pressure (5\u201317\n                        <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPa<\/jats:styled-content>\n                        ), temperature (303\u2013333 K) and the amount of cosolvent(2\u20136% R134a, w\/w)were investigated. Response surface methodology (\n                        <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RSM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                        ) combined with a Box\u2013Behnken design was applied to evaluate the significance of the three independent variables on each response. A desirability function was conducted to simultaneously optimize the multiple responses\n                      <\/jats:bold>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>\n                        The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: extraction temperature 324.13 K, extraction pressure 17\n                        <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPa<\/jats:styled-content>\n                        and a cosolvent amount of 4.73%. Under these conditions, the yields of carotenoids and chlorophyll a were predicted to be 0.239 and 2.326 g kg\n                        <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                        , respectively\n                      <\/jats:bold>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>\n                        It has been proved that subcritical R134a is a potential solvent, which can be an alternative to supercritical\n                        <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                          CO\n                          <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                        <\/jats:styled-content>\n                        for extraction of natural ingredients under mild conditions. \u00a9 2013 Society of Chemical Industry\n                      <\/jats:bold>\n                  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