{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:48:59Z","timestamp":1786978139525,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Sci Food Agric"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      KALVAP is an angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme inhibitor derived from\n                      <jats:italic>Ziziphus jujuba<\/jats:italic>\n                      , but shows poor dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)\u2010IV inhibitory activity. To remedy this shortcoming, KALVAP was modified according to the distinctive features of DPP\u2010IV inhibitory peptides, yielding nine novel peptides. The DPP\u2010IV inhibitory activity of the peptides was further verified\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      DPP\u2010IV inhibitory activities of WALVAP and WPLVAP were respectively 6.25\u2010 and 3.52\u2010fold higher than that of KALVAP (360.39\u2009\u00b1\u200914.39\u2009\u03bcmol\u2009L\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) after screening through molecular docking. Moreover, WALVAP (201.88\u2009\u00b1\u20098.27\u2009\u03bcmol\u2009L\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) and WPLVAP (450.61\u2009\u00b1\u200916.83\u2009\u03bcmol\u2009L\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) displayed superior DPP\u2010IV inhibitory activity to KALVAP (1372.57\u2009\u00b1\u200949.52\u2009\u03bcmol\u2009L\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) in Caco\u20102 cells. On the basis of\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      and cellular experiments, oral glucose tolerance tests indicated that WALVAP and WPLVAP significantly improved glucose metabolism in C57BL\/6 mice by promoting the secretion of insulin (11.13\u2009\u00b1\u20090.89% and 11.61\u2009\u00b1\u20090.44%), GLP\u20101 (11.12\u2009\u00b1\u20090.89% and 11.61\u2009\u00b1\u20090.44%) and GIP (7.58\u2009\u00b1\u20090.78% and 7.66\u2009\u00b1\u20090.11%). Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that WALVAP and WPLVAP mainly inhibited DPP\u2010IV through Glu205, Trp629, Glu206, Arg125 and Arg429.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In summary, two new peptides, WALVAP and WPLVAP, were screened and exhibited excellent DPP\u2010IV inhibitory activity. The results implied that the optimization strategy is feasible and can provide a reference for drug design. Thus WALVAP and WPLVAP could serve as potential drug candidates for patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. \u00a9 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.70156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T12:56:19Z","timestamp":1756472179000},"page":"249-259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Design and experimental verification of novel angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme and dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitory peptides from\n                    <i>Ziziphus jujuba<\/i>\n                    peptide KALVAP"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Huan","family":"Wen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Ningbo University  Ningbo China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Ningbo University  Ningbo China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuo","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Ningbo University  Ningbo China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanli","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Ningbo University  Ningbo China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2935-9781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daodong","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Ningbo University  Ningbo China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinchang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Drug Discovery Technology Ningbo University  Ningbo China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yali","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Ningbo University  Ningbo China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm13081231"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-35680-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.117464"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/7890188"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10989-019-09890-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2024.104352"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1573406415666191031143553"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"34","article-title":"The effect of Ziziphus jujuba fruit extract in diabetic and non\u2010diabetic rat","volume":"6","author":"Jamshidi HR","year":"2014","journal-title":"Iran J Diabetes Obes"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1573401314666180620162733"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2016.03.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-60972-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242115848"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules22101714"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.5b04016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.773076"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10989-019-09836-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13172721"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.1c02985"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2023.136480"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2020.100748"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.0c02797"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-018-0119-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2022.114149"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.9b01235"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.3c00603"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-18525-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2025.144530"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fochx.2025.102217"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2014.09.083"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2016.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2018.11.142"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idairyj.2015.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2023.136848"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2022.113255"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2022.101733"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmr.905"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2011.05.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.12451"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2021.1964433"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","first-page":"469","article-title":"Enzymatic method for ACE inhibitory peptide derived from aquatic resources: a review","volume":"2","author":"Ketnawa S","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Biol Pharm Allied Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0929866525666180530122835"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2017.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.0c05880"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.134232"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01931-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-024-06293-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2017.08.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crfs.2024.100893"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.14168"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4972065"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jctc.1c00645"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2022.112307"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34133\/research.0391"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jsfa.70156","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T03:44:29Z","timestamp":1763437469000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jsfa.70156"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jsfa.70156"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jsfa.70156","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-5142","1097-0010"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-5142","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0010","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}