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Oxidative stress and inflammation are central mechanisms for neuronal injury and cognitive impairment. This review discusses the neurotherapeutic promise of egg\u2010derived antioxidants. Importantly, yolk in polypeptide complex (isolated from egg yolk with immunoglobulin Y) enhances cognitive function by upregulating brain\u2010derived neurotrophic factor via cAMP\/PKA and PI3K\/Akt signaling. We discuss their molecular modes of action such as reactive oxygen species scavenging, regulation of inflammatory cytokines, maintenance of mitochondrial function, and promotion of neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. Further, bioavailability, allergenicity, and targeted delivery issues across the blood\u2013brain barrier are addressed in light of progress in nanocarrier systems and encapsulation methods. 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