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This study examines the impact of eCO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      (700\u2009\u03bcmol\u2009mol\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) on the cultivars of lentil (\n                      <jats:italic>Lens culinaris)<\/jats:italic>\n                      , local Pardina Verde Rayada lentil (PVRL), and commercial Pardina lentil (PL) in terms of the productivity and nutritional composition of their seeds. A greenhouse experiment with a near ambient temperature regime was carried out applying eCO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      in potted plants.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The eCO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      significantly increased the vegetative dry mass (VDM) in both cultivars. The VDM was higher in the PVRL, but PL had a significantly higher seed DM production and greater gain in response to eCO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      (73%), as compared to PVRL (53%). In fact, PL was the only variety that significantly increased its harvest index (HI) with eCO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      . Production water use efficiency was also greater for this variety under eCO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      . Seed starch content increased in both cultivars, but the induction by eCO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      was significantly stronger in PVRL. None of the cultivars showed a decrease in the soluble protein content, even though their protein\u2010to\u2010starch ratio decreased. The mineral nutrients manganese, zinc, and calcium increased significantly in PVRL seeds, while phosphorus and boron significantly decreased in both PVRL and PL.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The two lentil cultivars responded differently to eCO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , with few drawbacks. PL was better in its productivity response, while PVRL had a better response from its composition standpoint. These results allow the incorporating of this knowledge into lentil breeding programs to select for complex traits such as the response to stress factors. \u00a9 2026 The Author(s).\n                      <jats:italic>Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture<\/jats:italic>\n                      published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.70608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T04:10:06Z","timestamp":1774843806000},"page":"5422-5436","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Contrasting\n                    <scp>\n                      CO\n                      <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    \u2010response strategies in\n                    <scp>Pardina<\/scp>\n                    lentils: Yield maximization in a commercial cultivar and seed composition adjustment in a landrace"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Abdullah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo Fisiolog\u00eda del Estr\u00e9s en Plantas, Departamento de Biologia Ambiental Universidad de Navarra \u2013 BIOMA Institute for Biodiversity and the Environment  Pamplona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8673-6515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Idoia","family":"Garmendia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra y del Medio Ambiente. Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Alicante  San Vicente del Raspeig Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Mallor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ciencia Vegetal Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y Tecnolog\u00eda Agroalimentaria de Arag\u00f3n (CITA)  Zaragoza Spain"},{"name":"Instituto Agroalimentario de Arag\u00f3n\u2010IA2 CITA\u2010Universidad de Zaragoza  Zaragoza Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0550-4366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nieves","family":"Goicoechea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo Fisiolog\u00eda del Estr\u00e9s en Plantas, Departamento de Biologia Ambiental Universidad de Navarra \u2013 BIOMA Institute for Biodiversity and the Environment  Pamplona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3077-1346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johann","family":"Mart\u00ednez\u2010L\u00fcscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo Fisiolog\u00eda del Estr\u00e9s en Plantas, Departamento de Biologia Ambiental Universidad de Navarra \u2013 BIOMA Institute for Biodiversity and the Environment  Pamplona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"55","article-title":"Lentil: origin, cultivation techniques, utilization and advances in transformation","volume":"1","author":"Cokkizgin A","year":"2013","journal-title":"Agric Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/9781845934873.0013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/s12349-012-0109-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18112390"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods8090391"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fochx.2020.100112"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12571-011-0124-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/agronj14.0185"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2023.108952"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2007.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-0253-4_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","unstructured":"Indicadores de agricultura pesca y alimentaci\u00f3nhttps:\/\/www.mapa.gob.es\/es\/ministerio\/servicios\/analisis\u2010y\u2010prospectiva\/serie\u2010indicadores\/indicadores_semestre."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07352689.2011.554358"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture9120253"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315578781"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2135\/cropsci2007.08.0477"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0812721106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","volume-title":"IPCC, 2023: Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report, Summary for Policymakers. 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