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This study investigated the protective role of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) in alleviating the detrimental effects of\n                      <jats:italic>O. aegyptiaca<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection on chickpea (\n                      <jats:italic>Cicer arietinum<\/jats:italic>\n                      L.) growth, photosynthetic efficiency, and metabolic responses.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Infection with\n                      <jats:italic>O. aegyptiaca<\/jats:italic>\n                      significantly reduced chickpea biomass and impaired photosynthetic capacity. It also decreased starch, sucrose, and fructose content, and increased amylase and invertase activity. Infection also lowered amino acid levels and impaired anthocyanin metabolism. Application of SeNPs alleviated these negative effects by improving biomass accumulation and photosynthetic efficiency. Selenium nanoparticles increased total soluble sugars, which reduced the parasite's sink strength, and improved the accumulation of key amino acids (proline, glutamic acid, arginine, and ornithine) along with the activation of their biosynthetic enzymes Glutamine synthetase (GS), pyrroline\u20105\u2010carboxylate dehydrogenas (P5CDH), pyrroline\u20105carboxylate reductase (P5CR), and ornithine aminotransferase (OAT). Selenium nanoparticles also upregulated anthocyanin metabolism by increasing the activity of chalcone synthase (CHS) and phenylalanine ammonia\u2010lyase (PAL), and elevating the levels of phenylalanine, cinnamate, coumarin, total flavonoids, and anthocyanins. Treated infected plants also showed elevated phenolic and flavonoid contents and exhibited strong antibacterial activity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Selenium nanoparticles effectively mitigate the harmful impacts of\n                      <jats:italic>O. aegyptiaca<\/jats:italic>\n                      on chickpea by improving growth, modulating primary and secondary metabolism, and enhancing the plant's defensive responses. These results highlight the use of SeNPs as a promising strategy for managing parasitic weed stress in chickpea. \u00a9 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.70693","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T04:45:18Z","timestamp":1779770718000},"page":"6455-6471","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Harnessing selenium nanoparticles to mitigate the harmful impact of\n                    <i>Orobanche aegyptiaca<\/i>\n                    on growth and metabolic activity in\n                    <i>Cicer arietinum<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Mahmoud MY","family":"Madany","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department College of Science, Taibah University  Al\u2010Madinah Al\u2010Munawarah Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Botany and Microbiology Faculty of Science, Cairo University  Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulaziz S","family":"Abualghaith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department College of Science, Taibah University  Al\u2010Madinah Al\u2010Munawarah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samy","family":"Selim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University  Sakaka Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shereen M","family":"Korany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hana","family":"Sonbol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7614-9595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emad","family":"Alsherif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botany and Microbiology Department Faculty of Science, Beni\u2010Suef University  Beni\u2010Suef Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danyah A","family":"Aldailami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Department College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seham M","family":"Hamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU)  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mona FA","family":"Dawood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botany and Microbiology Department Faculty of Science, Assiut University  Assiut Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fagro.2022.708187"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EizenbergH GrenzJH SilleroJCandCarmenA Field Crops Research Broomrape management in faba bean.115:319\u2013328(2010).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2009.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2023.1218468"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants9091184"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"43","article-title":"Management of orobanche in field crops\u2010a review","volume":"14","author":"Habimana S","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Soil Sci Plant Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jplph.2020.153184"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"137","article-title":"Induced systemic resistance\u2009: an innovative control method to manage branched broomrape (Orobanche ramosa L.) in tomato","volume":"72","author":"AL\u2010Wakeel SAM","year":"2013","journal-title":"IUFS J Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0EN01278E"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9080681"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jipb.12992"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2010.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","first-page":"179","article-title":"Phytoanticipins: The constitutive defense compounds as potential botanical fungicides","volume":"2","author":"Oros G","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioact. 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